Question

Unit 9 Homework Eco 765 1. The US health care system relies more on competition, market mechanisms, and pricing than Beveridge-type systems. a. Summarize the pros and cons of the UK approach (i.e. relying less on competition and markets, having a centrally controlled, single-payer system). In your assessment, what is the greatest success of the UK system? Explain. b. How has the UK attempted to address the negative aspects of their single-payer system through various policy reforms? Be sure to explain the economic rationale for the reforms. c. How successful have UK reform attempts been? Why has the NHS been experiencing problems in recent years? (read the articles on D2L!; not Covid-19 related) d. How might NHS internal-market reforms create a “race to the bottom”? You might have to look up this expression...this is a common critique of many different public policies. e. Evaluate the pros and cons of having a parallel private market for health care alongside the NHS.

Answer 1

(A) The pros and cons of UK approach are as follows:

Pros:

1. Better public health: Every citizen will get a better health care in UK. This system allows every citizen to approach to the basic equall health care. This will enhance the health of the population and the country can develop a better population, which can contribute to the economy. Every citizen can approach immediatly when they feel illness.

2. Better reach: Every citizen can reach the health care regardless of the place they are staying. It is availabel all over the country. The government ensures that the healthcare can be accessed by every citizen with ease.

3. Eqality: The government ensures that the citizen will have the benefits of the healthcare without any discrimination. They ensure that each people can acces the medications without any discrimination and they are supposed to face any inequality.

4. Cheap Medication: The medication of the country is very cheap, so that everyone can buy the prescribed medication without much cost. As they don't have any private competitors,the government can ensure that the medication can be availed cost effectively.

Cons:

Compared to other countries, they don't lack any problem in the healthcare except the thing is that, the number of available facilities like hospitals is less and availability of adequate assiatance is less as they dont have any private parties in the healthcare sector. The government itself has to take the responsibility of the citizen on the health sector. This will cause problems like lack of assistace for the patients when they reach the hospital.

The great success of UK health care sysytem is that, they have a National Healthcare System(NHS) which is sponsored by the government. It is considered as the one of the most efficient healthcare system in world. It provide the most advanced facility in the health sector. As the only concentrate on the benefit of the healthcare system, they provide better support to the patients by poviding more hospitals, higly efficient doctors etc. So, UK healthcare system is considered as one of the efficient healthcare system in the world.

(B) Several reforms were attempted on the negative aspects of the single payer system Each reforms have an impact on the society. The country has introduced reforms inorder to give equal medical assiatnace to every person in the country regardless of the society they belongs to. By the single payer system, every citizen will have the opportunity to approach the healthcare without much cost. The reforms allowed the citizens to have access to healthcare on low cost. Although several economics problems arises out of the reforms. Influence of the politicians, lack of adequate staff and doctors etc. results in the introduction of the reform. Moreover, management oriented approaches were taken in the health service inorder to gain control on the service provided by the sector.

(C) The reforms were quite successfull that it results in the better development of the healthcare system. More poeple get used to the system. Ease of access to the healthcare system enables people from different location approach the healthcare system. Several cost cutting method were adopted by the government and the pressure on the patients were reduced inorder to implemnt the reforms and it results on better development of the health care sector.

Now-a-days, several issues are faced by the NHS. One of the major issue is that of the growing population. The rate of population is increasing day by day. This is major issue the government faces. As the population increases, the government will face a lack of control on the healthcare system. There is a tremendous growth on new deceases in the world. This is the another issue.

(D) Internal market were intended to improves the quality of the healthcare system of the country. It was developed inorder to provide beter quality care. But this was huge failiure to the government. What was intended to happen has never happend and it becomes a burden to the government. The main reason for the failure of the reform is because of the highly political interference. The internal market was implemented without any preparation. After the imlementation, the reform rolled out very quickly to the public as it doesnot give any time for the preparation. Also, the government was not able to conduct the perfomance appraisal of the reform.

(E) The parallel private healthcare system has its good as well as the bad side.

Pros:

• It provides better treatment regardless of the cost of the treatment. Those who doesnot consider the cost of the treatment can opt for the private hospital facility.
• They provide the most high class treatment for each patients. The patients can opt for the most luxurious treatment as their need.
• They provide improved facilites like high infrastructural hospitals, highly efficient doctors and staff.

Cons:

• They make an over-profitablity rather than the public healthcare services.
• People find it difficult to make fund inorder to find treatment in the private hospitals.
• It makes inferior on the mind of the people on choosing the treatment from public healthcare system