Question

How COL1A1 gene is related to collagen? How is this gene regulated? How is the collagen protein that is formed? What is specific structure, what is function of this protein? How is this protein regulated post-translationally?

Answer 1

Answer:- The COL1A1 gene provides instructions to start part of a large molecule called Type I collagen. Collagens are rope-like procollagen molecules consisting of three chains each. Type I collagen consists of two pro-α1(I) chains and one pro-α2(I) chain (formed by the COL1A2 gene).

In the translocation, the PDGFB gene loses the part of its DNA that limits its function, and COL1A1-PDGFB fusion protein production is regulated by sequences of COL1A1 genes. As a consequence, the fusion of genes results in the development of a greater amount of active PDGFB protein than normal.

To produce mature collagen, the triple-stranded procollagen molecules are processed by enzymes in a series of steps both inside and outside the cell. The collagen molecules then organize into long, thin fibrils which form stable interactions (cross-links) in the spaces between cells.

Collagens are a family of proteins that reinforce and protect many of the body's tissues, including cartilage, bone, tendon, skin, and the white eye (sclera).

Post-translational changes can occur on the side chains of the amino acids or on the C- or N- termini of the protein. By modifying an existing functional group or introducing a new one such as phosphate, they can expand the chemical range of the 20 standard amino acids.