Question

Slick Corporation is a small producer of synthetic motor oil. During May, the company produced 5,000 cases of lubricant. Each case contains 12 quarts of synthetic oil. To achieve this level of production, Slick purchased and used 16,500 gallons of direct materials at a cost of $20,208. It also incurred average direct labor costs of $15 per hour for the 4,074 hours worked in May by its production personnel. Manufacturing overhead for the month totaled $9,284, of which $2,200 was considered fixed. Slick's standard cost information for each case of synthetic motor oil is as follows.

Direct materials standard price	$	1.30	per gallon
Standard quantity allowed per case		3.25	gallons
Direct labor standard rate	$	16	per hour
Standard hours allowed per case		0.75	direct labor hours
Fixed overhead budgeted	$	2,600	per month
Normal level of production		5,200	cases per month
Variable overhead application rate	$	1.50	per case
Fixed overhead application rate ($2,600 ÷ 5,200 cases)		0.50	per case
Total overhead application rate	$	2.00	per case

Required:

a. Compute the materials price and quantity variances.

b. Compute the labor rate and efficiency variances.

c. Compute the manufacturing overhead spending and volume variances.

d. Prepare the journal entries to:

1. Charge materials (at standard) to Work in Process.

2. Charge direct labor (at standard) to Work in Process.

3. Charge manufacturing overhead (at standard) to Work in Process.

4. Transfer the cost of the 5,000 cases of synthetic motor oil produced in May to Finished Goods.

5. Close any over- or underapplied overhead to cost of goods sold.

Answer 1

Materials price variance = Actual quantity used × (Standard price – Actual price)
Actual price per pound = $20208 ÷ 16,500 gallons =	$1.22	Per Gallon
Materials price variance = 16,500 gallons × ($1.30 – $1.22)	$1,242.00	Favorable
Materials quantity variance = Standard price × (Standard quantity – Actual quantity)
Standard quantity allowed = 5,000 cases × 3.25 gallons/case	16,250
Materials quantity variance = $1.30 per gallon × (16,250 gallons – 16,500 gallons)	-$325.00	Unfavorable
b.
Compute the labor rate and efficiency variances. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favourable, "U" for unfavourable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance). Negative amounts should be indicated by a minus sign. Omit the "$" sign in your response.)
Labor rate variance = Actual labor hours × (Standard rate – Actual rate)
Labor rate variance = 4074 hours × ($16 – $15)	$4,074.00	Favorable
Labor efficiency variance = Standard hourly rate × (Standard hours – Actual hours)
Standard hours allowed = 5,000 cases × 0.75 hours/case =	3750	Hours
Labor efficiency variance = $16 per hour × (3750 hours – 4074 hours)	-$5,184.00	Unfavorable
c.
Compute the manufacturing overhead spending and volume variances. (Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favourable, "U" for unfavourable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance). Omit the "$" sign in your response.)
Overhead spending variance
Overhead Spending = Actual fixed overhead - Budgeted fixed overhead
Standard variable overhead allowed = $1.50/case × 5,000 cases	7500
Fixed Overhead Spending = $2200 - $2600	-$400.00	Favorable
Variable Overhead Spending =7084 - 7500	-$416.00	Favorable
Total	-$816.00	Favorable
Overhead volume variance = Standard variable overhead allowed - Overhead cost applied
Fixed Volume Variance = 2600 - 0	$2,600.00
Variable Volume variance = 7500 - 10000	-$2,500.00
Total	$100.00	Unfavorable
d-1	Prepare the journal entries to charge materials (at standard) to Work in Process. (Omit the "$" sign in your response.)
General Journal	Debit	Credit
Work in process Inventory	$21,125.00
Material Quantity Variance	$325.00
Material Price Variance		$1,242.00
Direct Material Inventory		$20,208.00
5,000 actual cases × 3.25 gallons allowed per case × $1.30 per gallon = $21,125
d-2 Prepare the journal entries to charge direct labor (at standard) to Work in Process. (Omit the "$" sign in your response.)
General Journal	Debit	Credit
Work in process Inventory	$60,000.00
Labor Efficiency Variance	$5,184.00
Labor Rate Variance		$4,074.00
Direct Labour Payable ($15 x 4074)		$61,110.00
5,000 actual cases × 0.75 hours allowed per case × $16 per hour = $60,000
d-3
Prepare the journal entries to charge manufacturing overhead (at standard) to Work in Process. (Omit the "$" sign in your response.)
General Journal	Debit	Credit
Work in Process Inventory	$10,000.00
Overhead Volume Variance	$100.00
Overhead Spending Variance		$816.00
Manufacturing Overhead (at actual cost)		$9,284.00
d-4
Prepare the journal entries to transfer the cost of the 5,000 cases of synthetic motor oil produced in May to Finished Goods. (Omit the "$" sign in your response.)
General Journal	Debit	Credit
Finished Goods Inventory	$91,125.00
Work in Process Inventory		$91,125.00
the total direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead charged to production at standard cost during May ($21,125 + $60,000 + $10,000).
d-5
Prepare the journal entries to close any over or underapplied overhead to Cost of Goods Sold. (Omit the "$" sign in your response.)
General Journal	Debit	Credit
Overhead Spending Variance	$816.00
Overhead Volume Variance		$100.00
Cost of Goods Sold		$716.00