Question

Explain the applications of the solid/vapor equilibrium.

Answer 1

Answer:

(1) Sublimation of camphor

Camphor (Cinnamomum camphora) has a property of sublimation when the heat is provided to it. It is used in household, was used in making plastics, for pest deterrent and preservative, for perfumes, culinary use and also used in medicines as a skin cream, to inhibit coughing and relieve upper airway congestion due to the common cold, as a decongestant.

(2) Separation of NH₄Cl from NaCl

NH₄Cl easily sublimes into vapours thus we do the physical separation. We perform the sublimation process by taking the mixture in a evaporating vessel and heating it continuously and stirring it as well. When the white fumes (i.e., NH₄Cl(g) ) disappear we wait till the no white solid is left on the stirring rod. We collect the fumes of NH₄Cl separately and condense them.

(3) Sublimation of naphthalene

Naphthalene (C₁₀H₈) has a property to sublime at room temperature. It is used as naphthalene balls for storage, for the formation of naphthalene-sulfonic acids and sulfonates, for laboratory use, as wetting agent and surfactant,  used in pyrotechnic special effects such as the generation of black smoke and simulated explosions, used to create artificial pores in the manufacture of high-porosity grinding wheels, used in engineering to study heat transfer using mass sublimation.

(4) Dry ice

  Dry ice is the solid form of carbon dioxide (CO₂). It is most commonly used for food preservation and non- cyclic preservation. Other uses are for different commercial uses to arrest and prevent insect activity in closed containers of grains and grain products, for industrial use, for laboratory and research purpose, also used as a dry ice bomb.

(5) Sublimation of Iodine

Iodine also sublimes at room temperature. It forms vapour and maintains the equilibrium of solid- vapour. It is used in salt, for the manufacture of many chemicals, for study purpose in laboratories and research field.

Do mark it helpful and feel free to ask a query if any in the comment section.