Question

QUESTION 1

1. Muscles can use ketone bodies, glucose, and fatty acids for energy.

   True

   False

1 points   

QUESTION 2

1. Lysine and arginine are the only purely ketogenic amino acids.

   True

   False

1 points   

QUESTION 3

1. Arginine is a precursor for the synthesis of nitric oxide, a free radical gas.

   True

   False

1 points   

QUESTION 4

1. If thrown into a lake, a 10-pound slab of butter would sink to the bottom.

   True

   False

1 points   

QUESTION 5

1. Certain saturated fatty acids are called ‘essential fatty acids’ (EFAs) because we cannot synthesize them, yet we need them for several key biological functions.

   True

   False

1 points   

QUESTION 6

1. Cholesterol esters are weakly amphipathic.

   True

   False

1 points   

QUESTION 7

1. For a protein to be efficiently degraded by the proteasome, it must first be polyubiquitinated.     

   True

   False

1 points   

QUESTION 8

1. Animals are dependent on plants and certain microorganisms for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing organic compounds.

   True

   False

1 points   

QUESTION 9

1. Endogenous TAGs and fatty acids are carried to the liver by chylomicron remnants.

   True

   False

1 points   

QUESTION 10

1. The surface lipids and proteins of lipoprotein particles have many covalent bonds between them that stabilize the particles during transport through the bloodstream.

   True

   False

Answer 1

Answer1. Muscles can use ketone bodies, glucose and fatty acids for energy. True. Glucose is the primary source of energy under its adequate presence. Muscles uses glucose and fatty acids as energy source Ketone bodies are produced under reduced availability of carbohydrates ( during fasting or low food intake) and serves as alternative fuel source for muscles. Glucose through the process of glycolysis, TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation provides energy in the form of ATP. Fatty acids after breakdown produces acetyl-CoA which enters into TCA cycle and gives energy. Ketone bodies are water soluble molecules containing ketone groups such as acetoacetate, beta-hydroxybutyrate. Both are 4-carbon molecules and converted into acetyl-CoA and produce energy via TCA cycle in mitochondria.

Answer 2. Lysine and arginine are the only purely ketogenic amino acids. False. Amino acids which can directly degraded into acetyl-CoA which is precursor for ketone bodies are known as ketogenic amino acids. Lysine and leucine are purely ketogenic amino acids not arginine. Arginine is example of glucogenic amino acid. Glucogenic amino acids are those amino acids which can be converted into glucose through the process of gluconeogenesis.