How can you tell if a mechanism will likely be Sn1, Sn2, E1, E2, E1cb? (explain...

How can you tell if a mechanism will likely be Sn1, Sn2, E1, E2, E1cb? (explain it to me like I am 5) thanks....

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Expert Solution

First of all it is a tedious thing to explain all at once here. I will try my level best guy

In SN1 & SN2, only one atom or group is replaced by another means that Substitution occurs at sp3 carbon majorly while in E1&E2, E1CB, elimination of groups will occur means that saturated compound gets converted into unsaturated compound.

Generally alkyl halide are good substrates for Nucleophilic Substitution reactions and 3°-RX halides always undergoes SN1 while 1° & 2°- RX will always SN2 and similar trend is observed with Elimination.

Whenever leaving group is beta to the EWG , then we will expect E1CB reaction. Ex: aldol condensation (dehydration of aldol)

Important things are both SN1 & E1 are two step process with the formation of carbocation as intermediate in the first step while SN2 & E2 are single step mechanisms with out any intermediate.

Polar protic solvent favors SN1 & E1 while polar aprotic solvents favor SN2 & E2 reactions.

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 year ago

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