Question

Which would best fill the blank space?

"… is system software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides common services for computer programs."

Select one:

a. Process

b. Operating Systems

c. Deadlock

d. Threads

Which technique can be used to handle problems that arose while multiple process executions.

Select one:

a. Process Synchronization

b. Paging

c. Swapping

d. Overlaying

Which would best fill the blank space? "Whenever the programs are to be executed, they should be present in the …. "

Select one:

a. Secondary Memory

b. CPU

c. Main Memory

d. Hard Disk

Using ATM machines is an example of ….

Select one:

a. Batch OS

b. Network OS

c. Real-Time OS

d. Interactive OS

Answer 1

A1. Option (b) Operating Systems

An operating system deals with managing the hardware and software resources available.

The process is basically a program that is executing. This is referred to as a process in execution.

Deadlock is a condition in the Operating System in which two or more process is waiting for resources which are held by the other process.

For eg, P1 has Resource R1 and P2 has resource R2. P1 is waiting for R2 and P1 is waiting for R1. This is a deadlock.

Thread refers to the smallest sequence which can be independently executed by a scheduler(part of OS).

The other three options do not deal with resource management and hence option(b) is correct.

A2. Option (a) Process Synchronization

Process Synchronization refers to sharing resources in a way to ensure data consistency and synchronizing process.

Paging is a memory management method used to retrieve data from the secondary memory to the main memory for the execution of a program.

Swapping is a method by which a process can be swapped temporarily out of the main memory and moved to the secondary storage so that memory can be made available to other processes.

Overlaying means moving a block of data to the main memory replacing what is already stored there.

Option(a) ensures that no errors arise during multiple process executions. Hence it is the right choice.

A3. Option (c) Main Memory

When any program is to be executed, it is loaded from the secondary memory onto the main memory. A CPU can only read the main memory and registers. Therefore, whatever data is required must be present in the main memory.

A4. Option (d) Interactive OS

An interactive OS is one in which the system allows the user to directly interact with the OS. In an ATM manual user input is required, it is an example of interactive OS.

Batch OS basically collects all the data and programs required and clubs them together in batches and then processes them. It is not suitable for ATM operation.

A real-time OS processes data as it comes in and the response is generated within a given deadline.

Network OS allows the sharing of files, applications, and other resources over a network, generally small private networks. It manages the data, users, and other networking functions and generally run over file servers. These cannot support ATM functions.