- Highway intersection is the area
shared by two or more roads.
- This area is used by the vehicles
to turn to different directions i order to reach their
destinations. Its main function is to guide vehicles to different
directions.
- Highway intersections are complex
locations on a highway. This is because vehicle moving to different
directions want to occupy the same space at the same time. in
addition, pedestrians also seek same space for crossing.
- Drivers have to split second
decisions at an intersection by considering his route, intersection
geometry, speed and direction of other vehicles.
- Overall traffic flow depends on the
performance of intersection. It also affects the capacity of
road.
- From both accident and capacity
perspectives, intersection must be studied and designed
properly.
LEVELS OF INTERSECTION CONTROL:
Control of intersection can be
exercised at different levels. They can be passive control, semi
control and active control.
- Passive control doesn't require any
explicit control of traffic. traffic sign boards and markings will
be enough.
- In Semi control, drivers are slowly
guided to avoid conflict points. It uses traffic channelization and
traffic rotaries.
- In active control, the road user
will be forced to follow the path suggested by traffic agencies. It
uses traffuc signals and grade separated intersections.
GRADE SEPERATED INTERSECTIONS:
These are used to separate the traffic in vertical grades.
Different types of grade separations are flyover and
Interchanges.
Flyover itself is subdivided into overpass(major traffic
elevated) and underpass(major traffic depressed).
Common types of interchange are
- Trumpet interchange
- Diamond interchange
- Clover lead interchange etc.,