Question

________ is the molecule that is the starting point for aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

Answer 1

ANSWER ) GLUCOSE

EXPLAINATION

Glycolysis is the common pathway for both aerobic and anaerobic forms of respiration. The process by which the glucose (6C compound) is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid (3C compound) is called glycolysis

Aerobic Respiration: It is the process of cellular respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen gas to produce energy from food. This type of respiration is common in most of the plants and animals, birds, humans, and other mammals. In this process, water and carbon dioxide are produced as end products.

In anaerobic respiration, glucose breaks down without oxygen. The chemical reaction transfers energy from glucose to the cell. Anaerobic respiration produces lactic acid , rather than carbon dioxide and water.

Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration are methods of harvesting energy from a food source, such as fats or sugars. Both processes begin with the splitting of a six-carbon sugar molecule into 2 three-carbon pyruvate molecules in a process called glycolysis. This process consumes two ATP molecules and creates four ATP, for a net gain of two ATP per sugar molecule that is split.

During aerobic respiration, the electron transport chain, and most of the chemical reactions of respiration, occur in the mitochondria. The mitochondria’s system of membranes makes the process much more efficient by concentrating the chemical reactants of respiration together in one small space.

In contrast, anaerobic respiration typically takes place in the cytoplasm. This is because most cells that exclusively carry out anaerobic respiration do not have specialized organelles. The series of reactions is typically shorter in anaerobic respiration and uses a final electron acceptor such as sulfate, nitrate, sulfur, or fumarate instead of oxygen.