What does binding of its ligand do to a receptor kinase?

Expert Solution

The receptor tyrosine kinase are the cell surface receptors, which binds to the ligands - Insulin, Epidermal growth factor (EGF), Transforming growth factor - alpha (TGF-alpha), Platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1).

RTKs have an extracellular domain containing a ligand binding site, a single hydrophobic transmembrane alpha- helix and a cytosolic domain that has protein-tyrosine kinase activity.

RTKs are monomeric and ligand binding to the extracellular domain induces formation of receptor dimers
Ligand binding leads to activation of the intrinsic protein tyrosine kinase activity of the receptor and autophophorylation of tyrosine residues in its cytosolic domain.
The resulting phosphotyrosine function as docking site for other signal-transducing proteins like GTPase activating protein (GAP), phospholipase C.
Activated RTK transduces signal through three major pathways - Ras-Map kinase pathway, IP₃/DAG pathway, PI-3 kinase pathway.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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