let R be a ring; X a non-empty set and (F(X, R), +, *) the ring
of the functions from X to R. Show directly the associativity of
the multiplication of F(X, R). Assume that R is unital and
commutative. show that F(X, R) is also unital and commutative.
Problem 4. Consider ϕ : (Z100, +100) → (Z100, +100) defined by
ϕ([x]100) = [41x + 19]100. a.) Show that ϕ is well-defined. b.) Use
the fact that 61 · 41 = 2501 to argue that the function ϕ is
one-to-one. c.) Is ϕ onto? Why or why not. Suppose that y is in the
image of ϕ, find an element x so that ϕ(x) = y. [The answer will be
dependent on the value of y.] Then prove that...
Let Z* denote the ring of integers with new addition and
multiplication operations defined by a (+) b = a + b - 1 and a (*)
b = a + b - ab. Prove Z (the integers) are isomorphic to Z*. Can
someone please explain this to me? I get that f(1) = 0, f(2) = -1
but then f(-1) = -f(1) = 0 and f(2) = -f(2) = 1 but this does not
make sense in order to...
9.2.6 Exercise. Let R = Z and let I be the ideal 12Z of R.
(i) List explicitly all the ideals A of R with I ⊆ A.
(ii) Write out all the elements of R/I (these are cosets).
(iii) List explicitly the set of all ideals B of R/I (these are
sets of cosets).
(iv) Let π: R → R/I be the natural projection. For each ideal A
of R such that I ⊆ A, write out π(A) explicitly...
Let R be a ring and n ∈ N. Let S = Mn(R) be the ring of n × n
matrices with entries in R.
a) i) Let T be the subset of S consisting of the n × n diagonal
matrices with entries in R (so that T consists of the matrices in S
whose entries off the leading diagonal are zero). Show that T is a
subring of S. We denote the ring T by Dn(R).
ii). Show...
Let A = R x R, and let a relation S be defined as: “(x1, y1)
S (x2, y2) ⬄ points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2)are 5 units
apart.” Determine whether S is reflexive, symmetric, or transitive.
If the answer is “yes,” give a justification (full proof is not
needed); if the answer is “no” you must give a
counterexample.