Question

Part 1) How does chiral analysis work and with what additives? Part 2) explain with detail why use coated capillaries? Part 3) explain with detail why open tube CE shows high resolution towards certain samples? Part 4) what are the differences between electrophoresis and electroosmosis in detail?

Answer 1

Solution:

Part 1

Chiral analysis is one of the important method in separation of pure racemic drugs which optically active, the chiral molecules are plating an key role in flavoring of the molecules. Chiral analysed molecules are separated using the techniques of capillary electrophoresis, LC, GC and NMR. In addition to drug molecules the excipients (additives) added in formulation of drugs are predominately favoured with chiral molecules.

Part 2

Coated capillaries are widely used than traditional capillaries in chiral analysis, only coated capillaries provides electrokinetic movement of molecules from injection. The added advantages is of customized coating of capillary for chiral analysis of different molecules.

Part 3

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a family of related techniques that employ narrow-bore (20-200?m i.d.) capillaries to perform high efficiency separations of both large and small molecules. These separations are facilitated by the use of high voltages, which may generate electroosmotic and electro-phoretic flow of buffer solutions and ionic species, respectively, within the capillary. The properties of the separation and the ensuing electropherogram have characteristics resembling a cross between traditional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and modern high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Open tube CE are preferred in sensitive molecule separation as its allowed to process under atmospheric condition which favors an easy separation than induced condition.

Part 4

The electrophoresis is the process which are carried out by employing electric voltage in the process, the movement of molecules influenced by the process is electroosmosis.

The electroosmosis is susceptible to pH, yields higher in high pH condition and electrophoretics are not affected by pH.

The electroosmosis are carried out in only one method, whereas electrophoresis are usable by different methodology of gel phoresis, isotactophoresis...,