Question

According to the textbook, what were some of the characteristic phases of development of pre-historical humanity?

What role did technological innovation play in the development of early humankind?

What was important about the shift to the use of systematic agriculture in the Neolithic period?

Answer 1

According to African replacement hypothesis evolution of modern human homo sapiens was occurred in Africa. After that, they migrate to Asia Europe and another part of the world. They replaced the Homo Erectus and Neanderthalensis. There was no interbreeding between homo sapiens with Neanderthalensis and Homo Erectus.

On the other hand hybridization and assimilation theory suggest that evolution of modern human homo sapiens occurred in Africa. After that, they migrate to Asia Europe and another part of the world but hybridization between archaic forms and homo sapiens occurs and created the modern form of homo sapiens population.

Development of prehistoric humans may be divided into five main part.

These phases are:

• Paleolithic(old stone age)

• Mesolithic(middle stone age)

• Neolithic(new stone age)

And

Bronze age

Iron age.

In palaeolithic age humans were hunters and primitive, It was the earlier phase of human development.in this phase human started using primitive stone tools.their was a hierarchy at some level because humans started to make graves of the dead. Some grave of this phase was founded with weapons, ivory seashells etc.

In Mesolithic and Neolithic era humans started agriculture, domestication of cattle, living in tribes, use of fire, making of clay pots and utensils are the characteristics of this era.