Question

Briefly summarize how plants feed and reproduce.

Answer 1

Mode of Nutrition in Plants

Plants are autotrophs that mean they prepare their own food in the form of sugar. The process of preparing food by the plants is called photosynthesis. Here in the term photo means: light and synthesis mean to prepare/ make. So photosynthesis is the process of making food by in the presence of sunlight.

RAW MATERIALS REQUIRED

• Sunlight
• Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere
• Water
• Photosynthetic pigment; chlorophyll

Without these basic ingredients, plants can not carry out the process of photosynthesis.

PROCESS

• Light is absorbed by the chlorophyll pigment present in the leaves. The energy from the sunlight is used for photolysis of water in the leaves and production of oxygen and hydrogen. The carbon dioxide is absorbed by the stomatal pores and is converted into glucose.
• Oxygen and glucose are the byproducts of photosynthesis.

Reaction:-Carbon dioxide +water in the presence of sunlight gives rise to glucose + oxygen

The overall process is divided into two reaction

1. Light-dependent reaction: Takes place in the presence of light during the day time in the thylakoid membrane.
2. Light independent reaction:-Takes place in the absence of sunlight during the night in the stroma.

2. Insectivorous plants:- These are insect-eating plants. Example:- Venus flytrap

Reproduction in Plants

1. Asexual Reproduction:-Asexual reproduction takes place by budding, binary fission, sore formation, parthenogenesis and fragmentation in plants.

2-Sexual Reproduction:

• The sexual reproduction is plants takes place by the process of production of male and female gamete.
• The transfer of male gamete to the female gamete is called pollination.
• Many insects and arthropods are crucial pollinators whereas in rest the pollination takes place by the wind, air, and biotic means.
• Gametes fuse together to form zygote by the process fertilization.
• Fertilization leads to seed production followed by fruit development.
• The seeds are dispersed and under specific conditions, these seeds germinate and grow into new plants.