In: Biology
Q1) what are the types of pumps and biometerials
used in artificial organs?
Q2) list the biomaterials used in artifical blood design?
Q3) compare biological liver and artifical liver
Q4) state the application of tissue engineering to artifical organs.
TYPES OF PUMPS USED IN Artificial Organs :-
1. Displacement Pump
2. Rotary Blood pump
3.Impella Pump
(Axial,diagonal or radial pumps.)
Types of Biomaterial used in Artificial Organs:-
1. Inianimate polymers (plastics/metals)
2 Biomechanical (made up of partially living cells , inanimate polymers and metals)
3.Biological(Bioartifical i.e made of living cells,biodegradable polymers or metal elements)
Ans. 2 ) List of Biomaterials for artificial Organs :
1) PFC ( perfluorochemicals)
2) Polyethylene glycol modified liposome encapsulated
hemoglobin
3) Polymerized encapsulated hemoglobin
4) Stabilized hemoglobin solutions
5) Polymerized hemoglobin solutions
6) Conjugated hemoglobin solution 7) Bioceramics 8)
Resorbale polymers 9) Natural materials like collagen
Ans. 3) Biological liver:-
Biological Liver carries out a lot of vital functions like heat production, synthesis ,detoxification of drugs and other toxicants , regulations of metabolism ,etc.
Artificial Liver are used in case of liver faliures as Supportive systems for detoxification. Regulation and synthesis cannot be performed by Artificial liver and these complex functions an be done using Bio Artificial Livers
Artificial Liver :-
The artificial liver devices can be classified as non-biological and biological liver supporting
Non biological :-
It relying mainly upon chemical and physical methods including filtering or adsorption in removing metabolic toxins and It is unable to completely replace the biologic function of liver.
Biological Artifical Liver :-
Which contain cultured hepatocytes, function not only as detoxification devices, but also apparatus for albumin synthesis and ammonia metabolism.
Ans 4) Tissue Engineering and Its Applications:-
To restore and maintain the damaged tissues or the whole organ and improvement of Science. Improvement in Artifical organs like kidney, liver, skin can be done using Tissue Engineering.
Examples:-
1.Hepatocytes can be grown in vitro on resorbale polymers scaffold to form a tissue engineered bioartificial livers.
2. Tissue engineering can help in creating main elements of kidney function like excretory, endocrinological and regulatory by forming bioartificial tubule and endocrine gland.
3. Blood vessels and heart valves can be grown using tissue engineering.