Question

whats the Neuropeptide Y (NPY) physiological actions and How are the actions of Neuropeptide Y (NPY) terminated?

Answer 1

Neuropeptide Y (NPY):-

This is a 36 amino-acid neuropeptide which involves in various physiological and homeostatic processes in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. They are the most abundant peptide present in the mammalian central nervous system which consists of the brain and spinal cord. It is secreted alongside other neurotransmitters such as GABA and glutamate.

They are synthesized in GABAergic neurons and to act as a neurotransmitter during cellular communication. NPY is majorly expressed in interneurons. They exerts most of its effects through G-protein coupled receptor proteins, mainly Y1, Y2, Y4, and Y6.All receptors have been indicated as participants in post-synaptic transmission activity, but the Y2 receptor has also been found to be involved in pre-synaptic processing.

Neuropeptide Y -induced modulation of the immune and inflammatory responses is regulated by tissue-specific expression of different receptor subtypes (Y1-Y6) and the activity of the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DP4, CD26) which terminates the action of NPY on Y1 receptor subtype. NPY is one of the most potent appetite-regulating neuropeptides and stimulates food intake behavior when injected into the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). NPY not only increases total food intake but also seems to be associated with increased carbohydrate selection.