Question

3) How is the Earth’s magnetic field generated and explain the theory of magnetic reversals? How often does this occur and are there any observed patterns?

Answer 1

In the earth's core, the stream of the molten iron is found which flows in convection motion. This convection motion of molten iron results in the generation of electric currents. It is known that the flow of rotating currents generates a magnetic field. So this flow of electromagnetic currents formed the magnetic field of the earth.

Earth has a dipole magnetic field. This magnetic field has shown the reversal of its poles in geological periods for several times. This reversal of the earth's magnetic poles is known as the theory of magnetic reversal. There is no clear worldwide accepted theory that why the earth's magnetic poles reverse but many scientists believe that the earth's normal magnetic poles does not lose its magnetism totally it's just gets week that's why earth's polar north and solar south shifts. It's not that always during the shifts the poles changes exactly opposite but they change their place to a large degree.

There is no general pattern in the shifting of the earth's magnetic field. In the different geological time periods, the shifting has taken place in different spaces in different geological ages. A rough estimation has been given by a group of scientists that in las 90 million years there have been nearly 180 magnetic reversals.