Question

In: Chemistry

Experiment 16: Synthesis of Fragrant Esters (using carboxylic acid and alcohol w/ sulfuric acid catalyst) 1)...

Experiment 16: Synthesis of Fragrant Esters (using carboxylic acid and alcohol w/ sulfuric acid catalyst)

1) Write out the mechanism for a generic Fischer esterification. Place a circle around the key tetrahedral intermediate. In your mechanism, note where there are similarities and differences between the acid catalyzed and non-catalyzed (sic) version by identifying the steps involving H+.

I cannot find any version of Fischer esterification that doesn't use a catalyst of some kind. I cannot figure out how to write a theoretical mechanism that doesn't involve the protonation I'm familiar with.

Solutions

Expert Solution


Related Solutions

Concentrated sulfuric acid is 96.0% (w/w) sulfuric acid (H2SO4, MW = 98.1g/mol) and has a density...
Concentrated sulfuric acid is 96.0% (w/w) sulfuric acid (H2SO4, MW = 98.1g/mol) and has a density of 1.84 g/mL. Determine the volume needed to prepare 500 mL of a 1.00 M solution.
1) if the cost of both the alcohol and carboxylic acid were prohibitive, how would you...
1) if the cost of both the alcohol and carboxylic acid were prohibitive, how would you maximize the use of your Fischer esterification product while keeping costs down? 2) why did you wash your product with water before washing it with the solution of sodium bicarbonate? What was the purpose of washing with sodium bicarbonate? What would ha byppen if saturated NaOH solution was used instead?(the product is an ester, oil of winter green) 3) explain the function of the...
Calculate the theoretical yield: Rx: isoamyl alcohol with mixture of sodium bromide and sulfuric acid to...
Calculate the theoretical yield: Rx: isoamyl alcohol with mixture of sodium bromide and sulfuric acid to make isoamyl bromide Isoamyl alcohol used: 8.2 mL, density: .810 g/cm3, molecular mass: 88.148 g/mol sodium bromide used: 2.80 mL, density: 3.21 g/cm3, molecular mass: 102.894 g/mol sulfuric acid used: 15.0 mL, density: 1.84 g/cm3, molecular mass: 98.079 g/mol
In an experiment, a solution sulfuric acid is mixed with an excess of sodium carbonate. One...
In an experiment, a solution sulfuric acid is mixed with an excess of sodium carbonate. One of the products is a gas. This gas is collected in a one-liter flask at 20.0°C. What will be the pressure in the flask if 113 mL of the sulfuric acid solution is used? The [H2SO4] can be found from its complete titration (25.0 mL H2SO4) with 16.0 mL of NaOH (NaOH : standardized with 58.7 mL of a 1.000 M HCl)
What carboxylic acid and alcohol would you use to make pentyl propanoate? Write the balanced equation...
What carboxylic acid and alcohol would you use to make pentyl propanoate? Write the balanced equation for the reaction.
The lab experiment is the synthesis of aspirin. The product will be acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and...
The lab experiment is the synthesis of aspirin. The product will be acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) and the by-product will be acetic acid. How will you separate the by-product from the desired product? is it from recrystallization and then vacuum filtration?
Nickel metal reacts with sulfuric acid in a redox reaction. In an experiment, 1.25g of nickel...
Nickel metal reacts with sulfuric acid in a redox reaction. In an experiment, 1.25g of nickel reacted with 55.0ml od 0.110M sulfuric acid. Hydrogen gas was collected in a 150.0ml container. The reaction takes place at 20 degrees C. One product of the reaction contained nickel (IV) ion. a. When the reaction is complete, what will be the pressure of the gas in the container? b. How many grams of the excess reactant will remain?
1) Why do we use H3PO4 instead of H2SO4 as a catalyst for the synthesis of...
1) Why do we use H3PO4 instead of H2SO4 as a catalyst for the synthesis of cyclohexene? 2) Why do we use H3PO4 instead of HCl as a catalyst for the synthesis of cyclohexene? 3) What alkene(s) would be produced on dehydration of each of the following alcohols? If more than one product is possible, use Zaitsev’s rule to predict which product would be formed in greater amounts. a) 2-methylcyclohexanol b) 2,2-dimethylcyclohexanol c) 1,2-cyclohexanediol
What is the mechanism for separating 9-fluorenone and a carboxylic acid in mixture? We are using...
What is the mechanism for separating 9-fluorenone and a carboxylic acid in mixture? We are using a separatory funnel and adding the mixture of 9-fluorenone and a carboxylic acid to it. I need to know the mechanism of how they will separate into an aqueous and an organic layer.
1. The carboxylic acid group of an amino acid has a pKa of approximately 2. However,...
1. The carboxylic acid group of an amino acid has a pKa of approximately 2. However, carboxylic acids like benzoic acid and acetic acid have pKas in the range of 4-5 pKa units. Explain why the carboxylic acid of an amino acid is more acidic. 2. Consider the amino acid arginine: a. At physiological pH (pH = 7.4), what is the predominant form in solution? b. What percent of the carboxylic acid group is ionized at this pH? c. What...
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT