Question

1. What is the ATP yield from Glycolysis, Pyruvate processing, TCA cycle? Overall maximum theoretical yield from complete oxidation of one molecule of Glucose?

Answer 1

-Glycolysis occurs in two parts:

First glucose is coverted to Fructose, utilizing 2 ATP molecules.

Second part converts fructose to pyruvate, generating 2 ATP molecules ( occurs twice, tthus producing a total of 4 ATP molecules)

Glycoluysis produces

2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate molecules

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-Pyruvate produced by glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation occurs in the mitochondrial matrix.

-Two pyruvate are converted to two acetyl CoA molecules

-2 NADH are generated from NAD+

- No ATP is produced

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-TCA cycle uses one acetyl CoA to generate 1 ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2, 2 CO2, and 3 H+.

Since two acetyl CoA are produced in glycolysis, thus number of molecules produced in the TCA cycle is doubled (2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 4 CO2, and 6 H+)

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The theoretical maximum yield of ATP from complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose in aerobic respiration is 36 in eukaryotes and 38 in prokaryotes