Question

1. What is the major byproduct of anaerobic glycolysis: ATP, NADH, lactate, or pyruvate?

2. Glucose is retained in cells because it is phosphorylated, degraded, bound, or modified by amylase?

3. Is the final product of glycolysis acetyl CoA, glucose, lactate, or pyruvate?

4. Does Glycolysis generate no ATP, 1 ATP, 2 ATPs, or NADH?

5. Are DNA ends replicated by DNA polymerase, telomerase, RNA polymerase, or primase?

Answer 1

1 - During anaerobic glycolysis, Pyruvate is reduced to lactate with the help of NADH. During the reaction, NADH is converted to NAD+.

So the answer is lactate.

2 - Glucose is polar neutral molecules. It can easily cross the plasma membrane via its carrier protein. If glucose is phosphorylated then it can be transported to the outside cell as there is no carrier protein that transport phosphorylated glucose. So the answer is Glucose is retained in cells because it is phosphorylated.

3 - During glycolysis, glucose is converted into pyruvate.

During anaerobic respiration, pyruvate is converted into lactate.

During aerobic respiration, pyruvate is converted into acetyl Co-A inside mitochondria.

So the answer is pyruvate is the final product of glycolysis.

4 - During glycolysis two ATP are required for the phosphorylation of glucose to glucose 6-phosphate and phosphorylation of fructose 6-phosphate to fructose 1,6- bisphosphate.

Two ATP are generated when two molecules of 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate are converted to two molecules of 3-Phosphoglycerate and two ATP are generated when two molecules of Phosphoenolpyruvate converted to pyruvate.

So, overall two ATP are generated during glycolysis.

Two NADH is synthesised when Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is converted to 3-Phosphoglycerate.

So, answer is two ATP.

5 - DNA polymerase replicate DNA, RNA polymerase transcribes DNA to RNA, Primase adds an RNA primer for DNA polymerase to replicate the DNA.

Telomerase add the nucleotide at the end of DNA, so that DNA is not lost after each replication cycle.

SO, answer is Telomerase.

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