Question

Assume that two individuals (A and B) develop the same type of cancer. Both individuals are given the best treatment found to be effective against cancer. Individual A responds well to treatment, while individual B does not. Using what you have learned, provide a specific type of cancer and an explanation for why there was a difference in response to treatment

Answer 1

first of all we have to know about the cancer, i.e, uncontrolled proliferation of cells thet arise from virtually any cell type in the body. Cancer is a type of tumour( neoplasia means new growth) that usually grows rapidly but not always some tumour are slow grows. The term cancer refers to a malignant tumour and not a benign tumour. Malignant tumour grows rapidly. Malignant cancer are very dangerous. benign are not. there are many type of cancer breast cancer in female,prostrate cancer in male,lungs cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer etc.Cancer are treated some therapies chemotherapy,radiotherapy etc.

Acoording to the question ,there are two individuals A and B develop the same type of cancer. Both individuals are given the best treatment found to be effective against cancer. Individuals A responds well to treatment, while individuals B does not. There was a difference in response to treatment because of their immune system.Traditionally we are treated cancer by attacking it with chemotherapy and radiation or by removing it with surgery but there's a new way instead of attacking cancer directly. We can now train the immune system to attack it. This new treatment is called immunotherapy. Immunotherapy uses the body's immune system to fight cancer. There are three types of immunotherapy used to treat cancer; nonspecific immune stimulation, t-cell transfer therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Immune system such as T-cells and APC's,they are defend and protect the body. APC's petrol the body looking for cancer and other diseases. Tcells are the soldiers of the immune system.when an APC finds something suspicious,an APC sends a specific signal back to a Tcell then T cells are to multiply an attack the suspicious cells. But if T cells dont stop,they can damage healthy cells.A safety switch,called a checkpint prevents this. because cancer is so complex,T cells are switched off before their work is done.but with checkpoint inhibitor drugs the most common type of immunotherapy, we can prevent T cell from being switched off. this allows to do their job.beacause immunotherapy targets the immune system and not cancer.

According to our immune system body will fight our cancer.