Question

Q1.
a. List and discuss the three basic types of engineering production.
b. List the role of Quality Control and Inspection during the manufacture of a product.
c. List any two reasons why automation is preferred for a modern manufacturing concern.
d. List any two factors that compel industrial outlets to computers in design, manufacturing and
allied services.

Answer 1

A) 3 basic types of engineering productions are

1)Job production: Under this method non-standardized products are produced in accordance with the orders received from the customers. As each product is non- standardized varying in size and nature, it requires separate job for production. The machines and equipment’s are adjusted in such a manner so as to suit the requirements of a particular job.

Job production involves intermittent process as the work is carried as and when the order is received. It consists of bringing together of material, parts and components in order to assemble and commission a single piece of equipment or product.

Ship building, dam construction, bridge building, book printing are some of the examples of job production. Third method of plant layout viz., Stationery Material Layout is suitable for job production.

2)Batch production: Batch production pertains to repetitive production. It refers to the production of goods, the quantity of which is known in advance. It is that form of production where identical products are produced in batches on the basis of demand of customers’ or of expected demand for products.

This method is generally similar to job production except the quantity of production. Instead of making one single product as in case of job production, a batch or group of products are produced at one time. It should be remembered here that one batch of products may not resemble with the next batch.

Under batch system of production the work is divided into operations and one operation is done at a time. After completing the work on one operation it is passed on to the second operation and so on till the product is completed. Batch production can be explained with the help of an illustration. An enterprise wants to manufacture 20 electric motors.

3)Mass production : It is also known as flow production or continuous production, is the production of large amounts of standardised products, including and especially on assembly lines. Together with job production and batch production.

The concept of mass production are applied to various kinds of products, from fluids and particulates handled in bulk (such as food, fuel, chemicals and mined minerals) to discrete solid parts (such as fasteners) to assemblies of such parts.

B) Role of quality control in manufacturing

1)Quality control ensures customers receive products free from defects and meet their requirements

2)greater consistency in the quality of products and services

C) Advantages of automation

1)It increase productivity because it provides fast & accurate process.

2) Automation is generally considered to be an effective way of achieving cost reductions in terms of reduced labor costs, decreasedcycle times and increased quality.

D) Computer in design and manufacturing

1)Linkage of equipment with manufacturing process.

2)Computers makes process faster and provide efficient process.