Question

What are the similarities and differences between genomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics?

Answer 1

Differences

Genomics is the study of the genome present in a Cell at a given time. The genome includes not only chromosomal DNA, but extrachromosomal DNA also. This extrachromosomal DNA is plasmid in prokaryotes and mitochondria and chloroplast DNA in eukaryotes.

Transcriptomics is the study of RNA contents of a cell at a given time. It includes all the types of RNA, messenger RNA, transfer RNA, ribosomal RNA, small nuclear RNA etc.

Metabolomics is the study of metabolites present in a Cell at a given time. All carbohydrates, proteins and lipids which are formed as the product of the metabolism and participate in metabolic reactions are studied in this branch.

The similarities between these three branches are that -

1. All the three branches are used for the study of specific type of molecules present in the cell.

2. All the branches use extensive techniques of molecular biology and biochemistry.

3. All the branches refer to only one cell at a time.

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