Question

A major theme in biology is the relationship between form and function in organisms. Select one of the major characteristics from these organisms (sponge, Hydra, Roundworms, Clam, Earthworms, Planarian) and illustrate the relationship of form and function for this characteristic.

Please give a detailed explanation! please help

Answer 1

The respiratory system is absent is one of the major characteristic features among sponges, hydra, roundworms, clam, earthworm, planarian.

Respiratory system of sponge

·It occurs by diffusion of gases through the body surfaces, which are in direct contact with water. This is called body surface respiration.

Respiratory system of hydra

·Hydra has body surface respiration. It occurs by diffusion of gases through body surfaces, which are in direct contact with water.

Respiratory system of roundworm

·Respiration occurs by diffusion through body surface.

Respiratory system of clam

·Usually in this phylum mollusc respiration takes place by gills called ctenidia, located in the mantle cavity but may occur by body surface,mantle for clam

Respiratory system of earthworm

·Repiration usually occurs through the skin (cutaneous repiration)

Respiratory system of planarian

·Occurs through body surface.flat body favours this process as the cells are not far away from the external surface.