Question

Give two examples from you work or personal life of how you would use statistical tools to help with identifying and verifying causes to aproblem . you can read Chapter 8 of the Lean Six Sigma Pocket Toolbook and answer .

Answer 1

Lean Six Sigma tools and templates for implementing Lean Six Sigma in your business or organization. This includes Six Sigma tools like control charts, SIPOC and others.

• 5 Whys,5S,Affinity Diagram/KJ Analysis,Analysis of Variance (ANOVA),Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP),Brainstorming,Calculators,Capability Indices/Process Capability,Cause & Effect,Control Chart.

EXAMPLE-

1.KJ Analysis is a method of developing insight into themes and relationships among issues. It helps drill from high-level issues at one level of context (usually abstract or vague) to a more detailed set of common, reusable statements. KJ is particularly useful in software because people have a tendency to state problems as abstract characteristics they do not like as opposed to making data-based statements about what they need. KJ is helpful in creating a flow-down of information leading to solid requirements at an appropriate level of context.

2.Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-

EXAMPLE opening a new business store has a strong influence on both financial and corporational appearance. For this reason, it can be clearly stated that a location selection problem presents a very complex structure which includes several matters such as, profitability, cost cutting, boosting durability and efficiency, etc. In order to reach their goals regarding above mentioned issues, companies have to select their locations by considering relevant criteria and using convenient methods. Therefore it can be said that this issue has to be handled within all its aspects. As this problem includes both tangible and intangible criteria, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is accepted as the main methodology.

3. ANOVA models can realistically be used in numerous industries and applications:

1. Comparing the gas mileage of different vehicles, or the same vehicle under different fuel types, or road types.
2. Understanding the impact of temperature, pressure or chemical concentration on some chemical reaction (power reactors, chemical plants, etc)
3. Understanding the impact of different catalysts on chemical reaction rates
4. Studying whether advertisements of different kinds solicit different numbers of customer responses

5. 4. Control charts- A production team in a glass manufacturer uses a c-chart to measure flaws in sheets of float glass. They address problems that the chart highlights until it becomes stable, then use it as an ongoing monitoring measurement. As other improvements are made, the control limits gradually reduce. A customer manager uses a p-chart to measure the weekly proportion of customer feedback forms that contain one or more critical complaints about the company's major product. A detected upward trend results in an early correction of a new service routine.

OTHER USES OF STATISTICS IN REAL LIFE:-

1.Pie-charts: You can use pie-charts to track the total time spent in a day across various activities like travelling, working, napping, lunch breaks and so on. It is very helpful in order to use your time better.You can use the same to tract the nutrients eaten every day, areas where you spent your money etc.

2. Frequency: example, getting angry. I mark it on a notepad every time I get angry, and at the end of the day, I count those marks and I sleep with some guilt depending on the number of times I got angry. This has helped me keep my temper in check. You can do this for number of people you made happy as well!

3. Mean: You can use this tool to calculate the average number of times you spend money on things you should not every week. For some this could be cigarettes, alcohol, shoes etc. Tracking this can help you save money and improve habits!

4. Ranking: List the tasks to be done everyday and you can rank them as per its importance, time it will take and urgency of the task, and plan the day according to the list and the ranking.

5. Probability: You can use probability to find out the chances of you being able to catch the next train or the probability that you will smoke less than 10 cigarettes a day. Try to make that probability closer to 1