1. Surgery and Germs Joseph Lister (5 April 1827 - 10 February 1912 and for whom...

1. Surgery and Germs Joseph Lister (5 April 1827 - 10 February 1912 and for whom Listerine is named!) was a British physician who was interested in the role of bacteria in human infections. He suspected that germs were involved in transmitting infection, and so he tried using carbolic acid as an operating room disinfectant. In 75 amputations, he used carbolic acid 40 times. Of the 40 amputations using carbolic acid, 34 of the patients lived. In the 35 amputations without carbolic acid, 19 lived. The question of interest is whether carbolic acid is effective in increasing the chances of surviving an amputation. a. Is this an experiment or an observational study? b. Are the sample sizes large enough to use the normal approximation? c. Use Minitab, R or a calculator, estimate the difference in survival rates using a 95% confidence interval and interpret your interval in context. d. Do you have any concerns about the ethics of this study?

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Expert Solution

The question of interest is whether carbolic acid is effective in increasing the chances of surviving an amputation.

a. Is this an experiment or an observational study?

Observational study as there is no treatment being utilised while doing the test.

b. Are the sample sizes large enough to use the normal approximation?

Yes both the samples are large for us to use the normal approximation.

d. Do you have any concerns about the ethics of this study?

The concern can be we surgeons should not do experimentation on peoples lives.

orchestra answered 1 year ago

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