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In: Chemistry

When measuring with a pH electrode, several things limit the accuracy of the measurement. In each...

When measuring with a pH electrode, several things limit the accuracy of the measurement. In each of the following situations, describe what would cause the observed effect:

A. Acid error occurs when the pH is too low. Example, you have a 0.5 M solution of HCl, but your probe provides a measured pH of 0.50

B. Sodium error occurs when the pH is too high. Example, you have a 0.5 M solution of NaOH, but measure a pH of 13.00

C. You are trying to measure the pH of a biochemical system at --in situ temperatures (37.5 C). Before your experiment, you calibrate the instrument using stock room temperature buffers you pulled from the cabinet. However, your measurements are consistently 0.25 pH units greater than predicted by literature.

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