Question

7 Examples of react between biotic and abiotic components with each other. I want the examples in detail.

Answer 1

Ecosystem is formed of biotic and abiotic components. Living components of an ecosystem constitute biotic part (include producers, consumers and decomposers). Abiotic components are non living components of an ecosystem that affect living organisms example-temperature, sunlight, water, atmosphere, pH,humidityetc. Ecosystem is formed by the interaction of biotic and abiotic components.

Examples of the interaction

1. pH of water and soil affect distribution of organisms. Avilability of nutrients are determined by soil varry with soil pH. Most of the organisms live in neutral pH. Some plants like pineapple grow well in acidic soil wheras some other plants like coconut grows better in alkaline soil.

2. temperature- distribution of organisms also determined by atmospheric temperature. They evolve best at their optimum temperature. Animals that live in cooler area has its own adaptation for example, polar beer has layer of fat and fur to tolerate extreme cold, whereas organisms live in desert have adaptation to tolerate the environment. Eg- in cactus has modified spiny leaves which is thick with waxy coating to reduce water loss

3. Light- intensity of light varry in different region. Some areas recieve plenty of light and there are thicker forests on the floor of which several organisms suvive. Similary, in seafloor there is no much sunlight. Organisms develop adaptation with respect to the light they recieve. Plants such as cactus gro in bright sunlight. Snail, earthworm etc do not require intense light and distributed in damp area.

4 Humidity - in the air affect rate of transpiation of plants and rate of evapouration in animals.

5 Altitude- The distribution of oraganisms varry with altitude. At higher altitude number of species are low because of the lower atmospheric pressure and humidity.

6 Moisture level- (amount of water in liquid form), some plants cannot survive waterlogging. Whereas some other plants grow best when moisture level is high, pitcher plant. Organisms like earthworms and some centipedes and millipedes survive best in damp soil.

7 Salinity- The amount of salt content in auatic environment and soil affect growth of organisms. Fresh water organisms cannot survive in sea as their body plan is build according to the fresh water ecosytem. Mangroves needed salty soil to grow.