Question

Describe how social research could aid in the passage of laws or potentially prevent the enacment of poor laws. Mention at least 4 of the following major concepts: Scientific method, Hypothesis, Random sample, Hawthorne effect, Dependent and Independent variable, Experimental and Control group, Qualitative and Quantitative research, Reliability and validity, Mean, median, mode, correlation, causal, logic, and code of ethics.

Answer 1

Social research investigate and study the human behaviour and various social issue for betterment of society .it's conducted research , collected data , and provide insight to support goverment for decision making based on empirical evudence in various prespective like enactment of new laws according public requirements and judge the existing conditions as well as potentially prevent the enactment of poor laws.Besides social research undertake such project which immence helps in passage of laws enactment and findout the outcome of enacted law . Therefore , Goverment will get chance of modifications laws for improvement security and betterment of human life .Besides social research use various tools for accurate investigation like Questionnary , focus group , interview etc to appropriately implement of various laws in society.

Hypothesis :

As a researcher we do not know the exact truth but have a hunch about the outcome and thus , we make some prediction about the outcome scientifically .This hunnch or prediction about the outcome is called hypothesis.It is tentive soloution of a problem.it must be generalizable .The validity of hypothesis is unknown .it should be simple.it helps to making sample design .They make the study more objective.They facilitate to formulation of a theory.. in statistical concern , there is two kind hypothesis 1. Alrernative hypothesis which stated that there is relationship between two variable.2. Null hypothesis which means there is no difference btween two variable.

Random sample:

Each person in the population has equal, independent, and known chance of being selected. In case, there are 100 elements in a population , every elements has 1/100 chance of being selected.It is generally following three types 1 .simple random sampling where every one has equal chance of being selected. Stratified sampling where population is devided with mutually exclusive group such as age group.cluster group is another random sampling method . It is implemented in case oof large sampling .. it is also called multistage sampling.

independent and dependent variable:.

independent are presumed as caused of anorher variable.

Dependent variable assumed as effect or outcome.it is affected by one or more independent variable.

For example , in research , the impact of coaching on student performance , coaching is independent variable and students performance is dependent variable.

Realiblity and validity:

Reliablity in the context of research is consistency .it refres to extent in which an investigation produce consistent result.

Validity is mesure which is claim to measure . It has specific goal and purpose . Validity means research must be unbiased and free from any error.