Question

Write a program that defines an animal data type, with an animal name, age, and category (cat, dog, etc.), as well as an animal array type that stores an array of animal pointers. (ex.

structType *arr[size];) Your program will prompt the user to enter the data for as many animals as they wish. It will initialize a dynamically allocated animal structure for each animal, and it will store each animal in an instance of the animal array structure. Your program will then print all the animal information to the screen. You will upload your C program as one file.

Answer 1

Source code of the program and its working are given below.Comments are included for better understanding the code.Screen shot of the code and output are also attached.If find any difficulty, feel free to ask in comment section. Please do upvote the answer.Thank you.

Working of the program

• A structure animal is defined with required fields
• An array of animal pointers is created based on user enterd size
• for loop is used to enter information of n animals
• malloc() function is used to dynamically allocate memory for animal instance and it returns a pointer of type animal.
• These pointer values(addresses) are stored in the array.
• animal data are read using array of pointers
• Finally program prints animal information using a for loop

Source code

#include<stdio.h>
//including stdlib.h for using malloc() function
#include<stdlib.h>
//defining structure animal
struct animal
{
   char name[20];
   int age;
   char category[20];
};
int main()
{
   //declaring integer variables i and n
   int n,i;
   //prompt user to enter number of animals
   printf("Enter the number of animals: ");
   //reading number of animals
   scanf("%d",&n);
   //creating array of animal pointers
   struct animal *arr[n];
   //for loop to read information of n animals
   for(i=0;i<n;i++)
   {
       //allocating memory for structure animal and stores its base address to array of pointers
       arr[i]=(struct animal *)malloc(sizeof(struct animal));
       //prompt user to enter animal information
       printf("\nEnter animal %d information:",i+1);
       printf("\nAnimal name: ");
       //reading into structure animal using pointer
       scanf("%s",&arr[i]->name);
       printf("Animal age: ");
       //reading into structure animal using pointer
       scanf("%d",&arr[i]->age);
       printf("Animal category: ");
       //reading into structure animal using pointer
       scanf("%s",&arr[i]->category);
   }
   printf("\n****Animal information:***");
   //printing animal information using for loop
   for(i=0;i<n;i++)
   {
       printf("\n\nAnimal %d information:",i+1);
       printf("\nName: %s",arr[i]->name);
       printf("\nAge: %d",arr[i]->age);
       printf("\nCategory: %s",arr[i]->category);
   }  
   return 0;      
}

Screen shot of the program

Screen shot of the output