Question

In: Biology

1. State whether the following statements are true or false. i) An enzyme catalyst DOES alter...

1. State whether the following statements are true or false.

i) An enzyme catalyst DOES alter the equilibrium constant for a reaction.

ii) The presence of an enzyme catalyst DOES NOT decrease the energy required to reach the transition state.

iii) An enzyme catalyst DOES affect the rate of a biochemical reaction.

iv) The presence of an enzyme catalyst DOES NOT decrease the change in free energy (Gfinal - Ginitial) of the overall reaction.

2. True or False?
Due to transition state stabilization, the enzyme proline racemase would be predicted to bind to an intermediate with a tetrahedral carbon at the reaction site rather than a trigonal planar carbon.

3. An enzyme is found to produce -OH as a nucleophile from water during the mechanism of the catalyzed reaction. Which would NOT be a good candidate in the enzyme for the molecule primarily responsible for the formation of this -OH?

A) a deprotonated Ser in the active site

B) Zn2+

C) a deprotonated His in the active site

D) a Val in the active site

4. What is the best description of the "oxyanion hole" generated during the mechanism of a serine protease - catalyzed reaction?

A) the oxyanion hole describes the stabilization of the tetrahedral intermediate where H-bonding lowers the energy of the negatively charged oxygen resulting from nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon

B) the oxyanion hole describes the planar enzyme-substrate intermediate formed as the carbonyl double-bond is reformed.

C) the oxyanion hole is generated as a result of deprotonation of the serine by a neighboring histidine, resulting in a negatively charged oxygen nucleophile

D) the oxyanion hole describes the binding pocket for the phenylalanine amino acids that are preferred substrates for the serine proteases

5. Which statement describes a common feature of both the RNase A and Serine Protease mechanisms?

A) Water is protonated by a Histidine to generate an acidic hydronium ion.

B) A deprotonated serine acts as a nucleophile

C) a covalent enzyme-substrate intermediate is formed

D) a Histidine acts as a Bronsted base to remove a proton from an alcohol group.

Expert Solution

Answer 1)

i) An enzyme catalyst DOES alter the equilibrium constant for a reaction. True

ii) The presence of an enzyme catalyst DOES NOT decrease the energy required to reach the transition state. False

iii) An enzyme catalyst DOES affect the rate of a biochemical reaction. True

iv) The presence of an enzyme catalyst DOES NOT decrease the change in free energy (Gfinal - Ginitial) of the overall reaction. False

ANSWER 2)

Due to transition state stabilization, the enzyme proline racemase would be predicted to bind to an intermediate with a tetrahedral carbon at the reaction site rather than a trigonal planar carbon. False

Answer 3)

Zn+2

Answer 4)

the oxyanion hole describes the stabilization of the tetrahedral intermediate where H-bonding lowers the energy of the negatively charged oxygen resulting from a nucleophilic attack on the carbonyl carbon.

Answer 5)

Water is protonated by a Histidine to generate an acidic hydronium ion.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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