Most of the organisms considered to be “more advanced” from anevolutionary standpoint, reproduce sexually. This...

Most of the organisms considered to be “more advanced” from an evolutionary standpoint, reproduce sexually. This indicates there are advantages in sexual reproduction. Research the advantages of sexual reproduction compared to asexual reproduction and provide examples of both? What types of organisms mainly reproduce asexually vs those that mainly reproduce sexually? Why do you think evolution favored sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction? What is an example of an organism that can reproduce both ways? How is this advantageous? Make sure to include all your sources.

Expert Solution

Asexual reproduction
Advantages:
i. Can produce a large number of progeny in a short time
ii. Less energetic
iii. Can retain parental characters (Clones are produced)
iv. Mate is not required

Disadvantages:
i. No genetic variation

Sexual reproduction:
Advantages:
i. Can generate genetic variation
ii. Essential for evolution of new traits/adaptations/species

Disadvantages:
i. Two sexes are required
ii. Energetically costly

Most of the primitive organisms such as bacteria and lower plants (Algae and fungi) exhibit asexual reproduction.
Most of the higher/evolved organisms such as chordates and higher plants (Gymnosperms and Angiosperms) exhibit sexual reproduction.

Animals that exhibit both sexual as well as asexual reproduction: Sea anemone and starfish
Plants that exhibit both sexual as well as asexual reproduction: Marchantia, Grasses, Ginger, etc...

The advantage of reproducing by both mechanisms is that the organism can reproduce under any circumstance.
For example, plants such as grasses undergo asexual reproduction by runners under favorable conditions. During unfavorable conditions, they can produce flowers and complete their life cycle.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

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