What is the ‘sugar’ component of DNA? Of RNA?

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DNA and RNA nucleotides also have slightly different sugars. The five-carbon sugar in DNA is called deoxyribose, while in RNA, the sugar is ribose. Deoxyribose sugar is a pentagonal Furanose ring made up of 1 oxygen and 4 carbon atoms. At carbon number 2' , -OH is replaced by -H. Ribose sugar is found in RNA and is also a Furanose ring with functional group (-OH) at carbon number 2 and 3. These two are very similar in structure, with just one difference: the second carbon of ribose bears a hydroxyl group, while the equivalent carbon of deoxyribose has a hydrogen instead. The carbon atoms of a nucleotide’s sugar molecule are numbered as 1′, 2′, 3′, 4′, and 5′ (1′ is read as “one prime”). In a nucleotide, the sugar occupies a central position, with the base attached to its 1′ carbon and the phosphate group (or groups) attached to its 5′ carbon.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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