A generous amount of gel is applied to the surface of the window of an ultrasound...

A generous amount of gel is applied to the surface of the window of an ultrasound probe prior to its use. The window is made of a polycarbonate material of density ρ = 1200 kg/m3, thermal conductivity k = 0.2 W/m · K, and specific heat cp = 1200 J/kg · K. The probe is initially at a temperature of Ti = 20°C. To ensure that the gel remains adhered to the probe until the probe is brought into contact with the patient's skin, its temperature-dependent viscosity must not fall below a critical value. This corresponds to a requirement that the maximum gel temperature remain below 12°C prior to making contact with the patient. Determine the required initial gel temperature. The thermal conductivity, density, and specific heat of the gel may be assumed to be those of liquid water.

The correct method is to use the Surface Convection of Transient Conduction (Case 3 in Theodore Bergman, Adrienne Lavine 8th edition - Page 289, Equation 5.66)

Solutions

Expert Solution

samet mamat answered 6 months ago

Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

A generous university benefactor has agreed to donate a large amount of money for student scholarships....

A generous university benefactor has agreed to donate a large amount of money for student scholarships. The money can be provided in one lump sum of $12 million in Year 0 (the current year), or in parts, in which $7 million can be provided at the end of Year 1, and another $7 million can be provided at the end of Year 2. Describe your answer for each item below in complete sentences, whenever it is necessary. Show all of...

A rear window defroster consists of a long, flat wire bonded to the inside surface of...

A rear window defroster consists of a long, flat wire bonded to the inside surface of the window. When current passes through the wire, it heats up and melts ice and snow on the window. For one window the wire has a total length of 12.0 m, a width of 1.8 mm, and a thickness of 0.12 mm. The wire is connected to the car's 12.0 V battery and draws 12.0 A. What is the resistivity of the wire material?

The inner and outer surface temperatures of a glass window 5 mm thick are 15 and...

The inner and outer surface temperatures of a glass window 5 mm thick are 15 and 5°C. The thermal resist- ance of the glass window due to conduction is Rt,cond = 1.19 × 10−3 K/W. What is the rate of heat loss through a 1 m × 3 m window? What is the thermal conductivity of the glass?

Write a SELECT statement that uses an aggregate window function to get the total amount of...

Write a SELECT statement that uses an aggregate window function to get the total amount of each order. Return these columns: The order_id column from the Order_Items table The total amount for each order item in the Order_Items table (Hint: You can calculate the total amount by subtracting the discount amount from the item price and then multiplying it by the quantity) The total amount for each order Sort the result set in ascending sequence by the order_id column. Part...

For the cultivation of a cereal, an amount of fertilizer x is applied in Kgs, per...

For the cultivation of a cereal, an amount of fertilizer x is applied in Kgs, per unit area and the quantity y of tons of production is obtained. The following data is available: x 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 y 2.1 2.8 7.2. 9.9 9.3 13.6 14.7 17.1 Do the test: H_0: β1 = 0 VS H_1: β1 ≠ 0 . Use α = 0.005. Make a confidence interval (α = 0.005) for β1. What would be a...

Write a paragraph commenting on the amount of pressure applied by the cytoplasm and cell membrane...

Write a paragraph commenting on the amount of pressure applied by the cytoplasm and cell membrane against the cell wall under, Turgid state and a state of plasmolysis in an Elodea cell(s) ( the state of plasmolysis is caused by introduction of salt water(

A 38.0-kg crate is being pushed along a horizontal surface. The applied force is 94.0 N...

A 38.0-kg crate is being pushed along a horizontal surface. The applied force is 94.0 N directed at an angle of 18.0° below the horizontal and the coefficient of friction is .21. a) Draw a free body diagram for the crate. b) Write expressions for the x and y components of the applied force (no numbers). c) Sum forces in the x and y direction (no numbers). d) Solve: What is the acceleration of the crate?

46. Of the following surface areas of the body, the one associated with the greatest amount...

46. Of the following surface areas of the body, the one associated with the greatest amount of neural tissue in the primary somatosensory cortex is the __________, while the area associated with the least is the __________: a. the top surface of the feet/the bottom surface of the ear. b. the lips/the backs of the legs. c. the surfaces of the knees/the tongue. d. the surface of the abdomen/the surface of the back. e. the lining of the stomach/the lining...

1. Determine the amount of under applied or over applied manufacturing overhead for the period. 2. What is the effect on gross margin for the period?

Cretin Enterprises uses a predetermined overhead rate of $7 .50 per direct labour hour. This predetermined rate was based on 16,000 estimated direct labour-hours and $120,000 of estimated total manufacturing overhead. The company incurred actual total manufacturing overhead costs of $114,750 and 15,500 total direct labour-hours during the period. There were no beginning inventories, and all goods produced in the period were shipped out to customers before period end. Required: 1. Determine the amount of under applied or over...

Find the amount applied to principle for the third month of a 4-year loan of $11,600...

Find the amount applied to principle for the third month of a 4-year loan of $11,600 which charges 4.5 percent compounded monthly with monthly payments. The amount applied to principle for the third month is $ (Round to the nearest cent.)

Subjects