The following facts relate to Novak Corporation. 1. Deferred tax liability, January 1, 2017, $62,400. 2. Deferred tax asset, January 1, 2017, $20,800. 3. Taxable income for 2017, $109,200. 4. Cumulative temporary difference at December 31, 2017, giving rise to future taxable amounts, $239,200. 5. Cumulative temporary difference at December 31, 2017, giving rise to future deductible amounts, $98,800. 6. Tax rate for all years, 40%. No permanent differences exist. 7. The company is expected to operate profitably in the future. a. Compute the amount of pretax financial income for 2017. b. Prepare the journal entry to record income tax expense, deferred income taxes, and income taxes payable for 2017 c. Prepare the income tax expense section of the income statement for 2017, beginning with the line “Income before income taxes. d. Compute the effective tax rate for 2017

Discuss the difference between direct costs and allocated costs and why allocated costs are important to include in project costs. Further, and regarding allocated costs, disucss how an organization determines costs to be allocated and the basis of the allocation methodology (i.e. choice of the cost allocation base).

• Based on your study and analysis of the financial reporting requirements for companies listed on a public stock exchange as outlined in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (see Student Guide to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act), evaluate the adequacy of the financial reports and disclosures. In your assessment, assume the perspective of at least two different financial stakeholders. Explain how the financial reporting requirements benefit the specific stakeholders and identify any gaps or opportunities to improve the integrity of external financial reporting.

Marigold Corp. has a deferred tax asset account with a balance of $139,680 at the end of 2016 due to a single cumulative temporary difference of $349,200. At the end of 2017, this same temporary difference has increased to a cumulative amount of $413,300. Taxable income for 2017 is $764,700. The tax rate is 40% for all years. At the end of 2016, Marigold Corp. had a valuation account related to its deferred tax asset of $42,400.

a. Record income tax expense, deferred income taxes, and income taxes payable for 2017, assuming that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will be realized in full.

b. Record income tax expense, deferred income taxes, and income taxes payable for 2017, assuming that it is more likely than not that none of the deferred tax asset will be realized

Wheeling Company is a merchandiser that provided a balance sheet as of September 30 as shown below:

The company is in the process of preparing a budget for October and has assembled the following data:

1. Sales are budgeted at $380,000 for October and $390,000 for November. Of these sales, 35% will be for cash; the remainder will be credit sales. Forty percent of a month’s credit sales are collected in the month the sales are made, and the remaining 60% is collected in the following month. All of the September 30 accounts receivable will be collected in October.

2. The budgeted cost of goods sold is always 45% of sales and the ending merchandise inventory is always 30% of the following month’s cost of goods sold.

3. All merchandise purchases are on account. Thirty percent of all purchases are paid for in the month of purchase and 70% are paid for in the following month. All of the September 30 accounts payable to suppliers will be paid during October.

4. Selling and administrative expenses for October are budgeted at $79,600, exclusive of depreciation. These expenses will be paid in cash. Depreciation is budgeted at $2,440 for the month.

Required:

1. Using the information provided, calculate or prepare the following:

e. A budgeted balance sheet at October 31.

2. Assume the following changes to the underlying budgeting assumptions:

(1) 50% of a month’s credit sales are collected in the month the sales are made and the remaining 50% is collected in the following month, (2) the ending merchandise inventory is always 10% of the following month’s cost of goods sold, and (3) 20% of all purchases are paid for in the month of purchase and 80% are paid for in the following month. Using these new assumptions, calculate or prepare the following:

a. The budgeted cash collections for October.

b. The budgeted merchandise purchases for October.

c. The budgeted cash disbursements for merchandise purchases for October.

d. Net operating income for the month of October.

e. A budgeted balance sheet at October 31.

Questions 6, and 7 refer to the following information:

At the end of the year, a company offered to buy 4,740 units of a product from X Company for a special price of $11.00 each instead of the company's regular price of $18.00 each. The following information relates to the 65,000 units of the product that X Company made and sold to its regular customers during the year:

Fixed cost of goods sold for the year were $124,150, and fixed period costs were $68,250. Variable period costs include selling commissions equal to 3% of revenue.

6. Profit on the special order is

7. Assume the following two changes for the special order: 1) variable cost of goods sold will decrease by $0.73 per unit, and 2) there will be no selling commissions. What would be the effect of these two changes on the special order profit?

PLEASE ANSWER BOTH

#6 = NOT 20,856

#7 = NOT 5024

arris Company manufactures and sells a single product. A partially completed schedule of the company’s total costs and costs per unit over the relevant range of 59,000 to 99,000 units is given below: Required: 1. Complete the above schedule of the company’s total costs and costs per unit. 2. Assume that the company produces and sells 89,000 units during the year at a selling price of $8.45 per unit. Prepare a contribution format income statement for the year.

Hall Corp. purchases a new machine on October 1, 2018. Year end is December 31.

Purchase price 100,000

Residual Value 5,000

Useful life 3 years

Estimated working hours during useful life 7,500

Machine usage in 2018 1,500

Machine usage in 2019 3,750

Machine usage in 2020 2,250

1. Calculate depreciation expense using the activity method for 2018

2. Prepare Hall Corp's journal entry to record 2018 depreciation on December 31, 2018

3. Calculate depreciation expense using the activity method for 2019

4. Prepare Hall Corp's journal entry to record 2019 depreciation on December 31, 2019

5. Calculate depreciation expense using the activity method for 2020

6. Prepare Hall's journal entry to record 2020 depreciation on December 31, 2020

A share of stock with a beta of 0.72 now sells for $47. Investors expect the stock to pay a year-end dividend of $2. The T-bill rate is 3%, and the market risk premium is 6%. If the stock is perceived to be fairly priced today, what must be investors’ expectation of the price of the stock at the end of the year? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

Walton Corporation estimated its overhead costs would be $22,700 per month except for January when it pays the $138,000 annual insurance premium on the manufacturing facility. Accordingly, the January overhead costs were expected to be $160,700 ($138,000 + $22,700). The company expected to use 7,100 direct labor hours per month except during July, August, and September when the company expected 9,100 hours of direct labor each month to build inventories for high demand that normally occurs during the Christmas season. The company’s actual direct labor hours were the same as the estimated hours. The company made 3,550 units of product in each month except July, August, and September, in which it produced 4,550 units each month. Direct labor costs were $23.90 per unit, and direct materials costs were $10.70 per unit.

a. Calculate a predetermined overhead rate based on direct labor hours.

b.Determine the total allocated overhead cost for January, March, and August.

c.Determine the cost per unit of product for January, March, and August.

d.Determine the selling price for the product, assuming that the company desires to earn a gross margin of $21.60 per unit.

Custom Automobile Restoration Shop (CARS) is a small shop dedicated to high-quality restorations of vintage cars. Although it will restore an automobile that a customer already owns, usually the shop buys an old vehicle, restores it, and then sells it in a private party sale or at a classic-car auction. The shop has been in existence for 10 years, but for the sake of simplicity, assume it has no beginning inventories for 2017. Five automobile restoration projects were worked on during 2017. By the end of the year, four of these projects were complete and three of them had been sold.

The following selected data are from CARS' 2017 budget:

The following information relates to production events during 2017:

• Raw materials were purchased for $217,100.
• Materials used in production totaled $209,600; $15,900 of these were considered indirect materials costs. The remaining $193,700 of direct materials costs related to individual restoration jobs as follows:

  Job Number	Direct Materials Cost
  701	$	44,300
  702		36,300
  703		43,000
  704		40,600
  705		29,500

• Labor costs incurred for production totaled $184,900. The workers are highly skilled craftsmen who require little supervision. Therefore, all of these costs were considered direct labor costs and related to individual restoration jobs as follows:

  Job Number	Direct Labor Cost
  701	$	41,000
  702		43,000
  703		49,500
  704		31,000
  705		20,400

• Paid factory rent of $30,300.
• Recorded depreciation on factory equipment of $13,100.
• Made $5,800 of payments to outside vendors for maintenance of factory equipment.
• Paid factory utilities costs of $4,300.
• Applied manufacturing overhead using a predetermined rate of $18.00 per machine hour. The 3,790 machine hours that were used relate to each job as follows:

  	Machine
  Job Number	Hours Worked
  701	780
  702	850
  703	920
  704	890
  705	350

• Completed all restoration jobs except Job 705 and transferred those projects to finished goods.
• Sold three jobs for the following amounts:

  Job Number	Sales Price
  701	$	127,000
  702		119,200
  703		111,700

• Closed the Manufacturing Overhead account to transfer any overapplied or underapplied overhead to the Cost of Goods Sold account.

Required

1. Assume CARS had used direct labor hours (versus machine hours) as its cost driver. Compute its predetermined overhead rate. (Round your answer to 2 decimal places.)

2. Determine the ending balance in Raw Materials Inventory.

3. Determine the ending balance in Finished Goods Inventory.

4. Determine the ending balance in Work in Process Inventory.

5. Determine the costs of goods manufactured.

6. Determine the amount of Cost of Goods Sold.

7. Determine the amount of gross margin that was earned on Jobs 701, 702, and 703.

8. Determine the amount of overapplied or underapplied overhead that existed at the end of the year.

(For all requirements, round your intermediate calculations to 2 decimal places.)

What are assets, liabilities, and new worth/net assets and Do GAAP have a preference between cash and accrual bases of accounting? Explain.

CASE:

BIRD'S EYE VIEW LTD.

Macarthur Graham was a retired military pilot who had established Bird’sEyeViewLtd., an aerial touring company that flew over the Niagara Escarpment. Graham had just completed his ninth fiscal year of operations (ending August 31, 2012), and needed to account for all the long-lived asset transactions that had occurred during the past fiscalyear.

HOT AIR BALLOON

For the past eight years, Graham had offered tours from his hot air balloon, which he had purchased for $120,000 when he opened his business. There was now $68,344 of accumulated depreciation. The hot air balloon had an estimated useful life of 10 years and a residual value of $15,000, and it was depreciated using the declining-balance method.

Graham had enjoyed the balloon rides as part of his retirement activities, but he had also been working on obtaining a helicopter pilot’s licence. He had noticed that helicopter rides, in general, were more popular, and he thought the heated cabin in the helicopter would contribute to more stable sales year-round. For this reason, on February 2, 2012, he traded in his hot air balloon towards the purchase of a helicopter.

HELICOPTER

The cost of a used helicopter was still significantly more than that of the hot air balloon. Jeff Meyers, a retiring contract delivery provider for a mining operation, agreed to sell his helicopter to Graham for a price of $840,000 in exchange for the hot air balloon and $800,000 cash. The helicopter had 2,000 flight hours of life remaining and no residual value. Graham used the helicopter for 40 hours during the remainder of the year.

STORAGE FACILITY

On September 1, 2011, Graham negotiated to purchase the storage facility he had been renting previously for $86,000 cash. The facility would be depreciated using the straight-line method and had an expected useful life of 20 years, with an estimated residual value of $25,200. At the end of fiscal 2012, the building had an appraisal value of $78,600.

BUS

Graham had also purchased a used bus to transport people from Owen Sound to the air strip, since the Niagara Escarpment was a popular vacation spot for Owen Sound residents. The bus was purchased for $70,000 on September 1, 2008, and had an estimated residual value of $5,000 and a useful life of four years. At the beginning of the fiscal year, the bus had accumulated depreciation of $61,250. Graham used the double-diminishing-balance method to depreciate the bus.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

In anticipation of possibly purchasing a helicopter, Graham had commissioned a family friend to design a camera that he could mount on the bottom of the chopper. Graham envisioned this camera being controllablefromatablet,whichcustomerscouldusetotakepicturesduringtheflight.Grahamcouldthen sell the pictures to the customers after the flight concluded. In addition, Graham thought he could sell the designforthecameraandproducemoreunitstoselltofellowpilotsinotherregions.

He paid the designer $500 per month to work on the project, starting January 5, 2012. On July 3, 2012, Graham received a call from the designer saying that he had solved the majority of the preliminary research problems and the two decided to start development. They determined that these costs met the criteria for development. The part-time designer estimated that development would not be completed until sometime next fiscal year.

Required:

As Macarthur Graham, working asset by asset, post all required transactions for the financial year ending August 31, 2012.

Briefly explain the difference between liquidity, solvency, and profitability analysis.