10. Response to chlorine or phosgene exposure involves rapid administration of an antitoxin such as atropine....

10. Response to chlorine or phosgene exposure involves rapid administration of an antitoxin such as atropine. True or False? Explain.

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Expert Solution

Answer: True

Reason:

Phosgene attacks the the lung capillaries and lead to pulmonary edema. It is prepared by reaction between chlorine and carbon monoxide as follows
CO (g) + Cl₂ (g) --> COCl₂ (g)
We know carbon monoxide is present in our earth atmospher and its reaction with chlorine may produce phosgene in drastic conditions. Nerve agents such as phosgene disrupt the parasympathetic system by blocking the neurotransmitter acetylcholinesterase, which breaks down acetylcholine, another neurotransmitter that controls several functions within the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urinary, and respiratory systems. Without the acetylcholinesterase to moderate the signals, the parasympathetic system is flooded with acetylcholine, resulting in overstimulation of the nerve cells.
Atropine is a toxin itself, but it blocks acetylcholine receptors, so that buildup of acetylcholine can no longer effect the nerve synapses. atropine is administered as a atropine sulfate injection intra veneous (IV) for fast response.

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queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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