Under anaerobic conditions, ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is produced by the reduction of acetaldehyde (CH3COH) by molecular hydrogen...

Under anaerobic conditions, ethanol (CH3CH2OH) is produced by the reduction of acetaldehyde (CH3COH) by molecular hydrogen (H2). Free energy of formation (Gf°, kJ/mol): acetaldehyde, -139.9; ethanol, -181.75.

a. Write a balanced stoichiometric equation for this process.

b. For an acetaldehyde and ethanol concentration of 0.1 M each, calculate the minimum

H2 concentration (atm) for this reaction to be thermodynamically feasible at 25 °C.

Expert Solution

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 year ago

A.) In yeast, ethanol is produced from glucose under anaerobic conditions. What is the maximum amount...

A.) In yeast, ethanol is produced from glucose under anaerobic conditions. What is the maximum amount of ethanol (in millimoles) that could theoretically be produced under the following conditions? A cell-free yeast extract is placed in a solution that contains 325 mmol glucose, 0.35 mmol ADP, 0.35 mmol Pi, 0.70 mmol ATP, 0.20 mmol NAD , and 0.20 mmol NADH. It is kept under anaerobic conditions. (answer in mmol) B.) Under the same conditions, what is the theoretical minimum amount...

Question 2 a (800 words) i) When yeast metabolises glucose under anaerobic conditions, it produces ethanol...

Question 2 a (800 words) i) When yeast metabolises glucose under anaerobic conditions, it produces ethanol and CO2 as end products of glycolysis but under aerobic conditions, pyruvate is the end-product of the glycolytic pathway. What is the physiological rationale for producing ethanol and CO2 under anaerobic conditions? Fully explain your answer. ii) The standard free energy change for the oxidation of glucose to CO2 is shown below: Glucose + 6 O2 → 6 H2O + 6 CO2 ∆G’o =...

Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) can be produced from sugars and starches in crops such as corn or sugarcane....

Ethanol (CH3CH2OH) can be produced from sugars and starches in crops such as corn or sugarcane. Ethanol is used as a gasoline additive and when completely burned, it combines with oxygen to form CO2 and H2O. Write the balanced equation for the complete combustion reaction and calculate the net energy change per mole of ethanol. Bond Energy C – H → 416 kJ/mol O – H → 467 kJ/mol C – C → 356 kJ/mol C – O → 336...

Calculate the mass in grams of hydrogen chloride produced when 5.95 L of molecular hydrogen measured...

Calculate the mass in grams of hydrogen chloride produced when 5.95 L of molecular hydrogen measured at STP reacts with an excess of molecular chlorine gas. H2(g) + Cl2(g) → 2HCl(g)

Ideally the production of methane and carbon dioxide under anaerobic conditions can be represented by the...

Ideally the production of methane and carbon dioxide under anaerobic conditions can be represented by the following equation: 3 2 4 2 NH CO 8 3 2 4 CH 8 3 2 4 O H 4 3 2 4 N O H C d d c a-b d c- b- a d c a-b- d c b a                     Assuming a...

Describe how ATP is synthesized from glucose under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

Dimethyl ether Ch3-o-CH3 and ethanol ch3ch2oh have the same molecular formula. Dimethyl ether evaporates faster than...

Dimethyl ether Ch3-o-CH3 and ethanol ch3ch2oh have the same molecular formula. Dimethyl ether evaporates faster than ethanol, which is at same temperature. Explain these observations??

Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted into lactate in vertebrate muscle tissue. This conversion allows the...

Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate is converted into lactate in vertebrate muscle tissue. This conversion allows the muscles to continue carrying out glycolysis because Group of answer choices The decarboxylation of pyruvate to lactate regenerates NAD+, which maintains redox balance. The reduction of pyruvate to lactate regenerates NADH, which maintains redox balance. None of the other choices is correct. The decarboxylation of pyruvate to lactate regenerates NADH, which maintains redox balance. The reduction of pyruvate to lactate regenerates NAD+, which maintains...

Under anaerobic conditions, cells must sacrifice the pyruvate they made from glycolysis. Why?

Pure iron metal can be produced by the reduction of iron(III) oxide with hydrogen gas. (a)...

Pure iron metal can be produced by the reduction of iron(III) oxide with hydrogen gas. (a) Write the expression for the equilibrium constant (Kc) for the reversible reaction Fe2 O3(s) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2Fe(s) + 3H2 O(g) ΔH = 98.7 kJ b) What will happen to the concentration of each reactant and product at equilibrium if more Fe is added? c) What will happen to the concentration of each reactant and product at equilibrium if H2O is removed? d) What...

Question