In chapter 9, you learned about address binding during the execution of a program. In your...

In chapter 9, you learned about address binding during the execution of a program. In your own words, explain the steps a user program goes through before being executed.
Explain the difference between logical and physical address space.
Explain virtual memory and describe the benefits of virtual memory for a programmer.

On the same paper, show the work to answer the following two questions.

Given six memory partitions of 300 KB, 600 KB, 350 KB, 200 KB, 750 KB, and 125 KB (in order), how would the ﬁrst-ﬁt, best-ﬁt, and worst-ﬁt algorithms place processes of size 115 KB, 500 KB, 358 KB, 200 KB, and 375 KB (in order)? Rank the algorithms in terms of how efﬁciently they use memory. Show your work.
Consider the following page reference string:

7, 2, 3, 1, 2, 5, 3, 4, 6, 7, 7, 1, 0, 5, 4, 6, 2, 3, 0 , 1.

Assuming demand paging with three frames, how many page faults would occur for the following replacement algorithms? Work this assignment on a piece of paper and submit an image of your work. Show your work in detail as seen in the examples in the textbook.

FIFO replacement (see section 10.4.2)
Optimal replacement (see section 10.4.3)
LRU replacement (see section 10.4.4)

Solutions

Expert Solution

Difference Between Logical and Physical Address
Physical address is an actual location in memory unit and can be accessed physically, while the logical address is something generated by CPU, it does not exist physically.Physical Addresses are computed by the MMU(Memory Management Unit) whereas the logical addresses are generated while the program is running.

Virtual Memory
Virtual memory allows the system to compensate for memory shortage by using secondary memory which is addressed like part of main memory. Basically, storage spaces like hard drives or SSDs are considered part of RAM or main memory.
Advantages
Since there is more space now, larger programs can be written, there is reduced fragmentation and allocating the memory is easy. Since programs are stored on virtual memory, it occupies significantly less spac on main memory. Since I/O is less, there is more efficient swapping of processes

2) a) First-Fit

-115 in 300 partition, memory left : 185 KB, 600 KB, 350 KB, 200 KB, 750 KB, 125 KB
-500 in 600 partition, memory left :185 KB, 100 KB, 350 KB, 200 KB, 750 KB, 125 KB
-358 in 750 partition, memory left :185 KB, 100 KB, 350 KB, 200 KB, 392 KB, 125 KB
-200 in 350 partition, memory left :185 KB, 100 KB, 150 KB, 200 KB, 392 KB, 125 KB
-375 in 392 partition, memory left : 185 KB, 100 KB, 150 KB, 200 KB, 17 KB, 125 KB

2) b) Best-fit:

-115 in 125 KB partition, memory left: 300 KB, 600 KB, 350 KB, 200 KB, 750 KB, 10 KB
-500 in 600 KB partition, memory left: 300 KB, 100 KB, 350 KB, 200 KB,750 KB, 10 KB
-358 in 750 KB partition, memory left: 300 KB, 100 KB, 350 KB, 200 KB,392 KB, 10 KB
-200 in 200 KB partition, memory left: 300 KB, 100 KB, 350 KB, 0 KB, 392KB, 10 KB
-375 KB in 392 KB partition, memory left: 300 KB, 100 KB, 350 KB, 0 KB, 17KB, 10 KB

2) c) Worst-fit:

-115 in 750 KB partition, memory left: 300 KB, 600 KB, 350 KB, 200 KB,635 KB, 125 KB
-500 in 635 KB partition, memory left: 300 KB, 600 KB, 350 KB, 200 KB,135 KB, 125 KB
-358 in 600 KB partition,memory left: 300 KB, 242 KB, 350 KB, 200 KB, 135 KB, 125 KB
-200 in 350 KB partition, memory left: 300 KB, 242 KB, 150 KB, 200 KB,135 KB, 125 KB
-375 KB should wait

First fit performs best followed by best fit and worst-fit at last because it doesn't allow a memory request to be satisfied.

Page replacement algorithms:

-FIFO: page fault=17
-LRU : page fault-18
-Optimal Page Replacement: page fault: 13

Please comment in case of doubts or queries.
Kindly upvote if you found it useful :)

venereology answered 8 months ago

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