Question

Define the following terms

1. ABA Reversal Design-

2. ABAB Reversal Design—

      3. Multiple-baseline Design Across Behaviors—

      4. Multiple-baseline Design Across Participants—

      5. Multiple-baseline Design Across Situations—

      6. Multiple-baseline Design—

      7. Reversal Design—

      8. Single-case Design—

Answer 1

1.
Reversal or A-B-A. The reversal design is the most powerful of the single-subject research designsshowing a strong reversal from baseline ("A") to treatment ("B") and back again.
2.
The minimum number of phases in a reversal designis three: a baseline phase (A), followed by a treatment phase (B), followed by the second baseline phase (A). It is possible, however, to extend the basic ABA design to include more phases, creating other phase designs, such as an ABAB design or an ABABAB design
3.
Single participant who demonstrates three or more behaviors that require intervention . Behaviors should be likely to respond to a similar intervention . Behaviors should be functionally similar but independent . Use a consistent measurement procedure for each behavior  .
4.
Three or more individuals with same/ similar behaviors who are likely to respond in a similar way to the intervention . Use consistent measurement procedures with each participant/behavior
5.
Participant demonstrates target behavior across three or more situations . Select an intervention that is likely to have the same effect across multiple situations. Situations should be functionally similar but also independent of one another . Use a consistent measurement procedure for each situation
6.
Most widely used design . Really is several A-B designs replicated within the same study . Logic is staggered introduction of IV  
7.
Reversal designs [1] are a type of single-case design used to examine the effect of a treatment on the behavior of a single participant. The researcher measures the behavior of the participant repeatedly during what is referred to as the baseline phase.
8.
Single-case designs refer to research designs that are applied to experiments in which one entity is observed repeatedly during a certain period of time, under different levels of at least one independent variable.