Assisted reproductive technology, such as egg donation and in-vitro fertilization, has made the news. Describe one...

Assisted reproductive technology, such as egg donation and in-vitro fertilization, has made the news. Describe one or more of these new medical techniques, including pros and cons.

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Expert Solution

Invitro fertilization:

Now-a-days it is used to overcome infertility resulting from various issues regarding fertilization. This can be actually of many types.

Surrogacy is a method in which the female can produce problem but her reproductive tract is not suitable for maintaining pregnancy the continuation of pregnancy is dangerous to mother and child. Then the embryo is taken off from the biological mother and is implanted into a surrogate mother.

If a female is unable to produce ova but her reproductive tract is suitable for maintaining the pregnancy then the ovum from the donor is taken and fertilized in vitro and later implanted into the reproductive tract of the female. This is called as zygote intrafallopian transfer.

If a male is unable to produce sperms but the female can produce ovum and reproductive tract is suitable for maintaining the pregnancy then the sperms are collected from a donor introduced into female reproductive tract under the favourable conditions for fertilization. This is called as intrauterine insemination.

When a male is unable to eject sperms into female reproductive tract during coitus but he is able to produce good quality of sperms. Then the in vitro fertilization can be done by the methods like artificial insemination, intracytoplasmic sperm injection method and gamete intrafallopian transfer.

PROS:

This helps many couples to conceive and live with their children happily.
This helps in getting children for the females whose reproductive tract is not suitable for maintaining pregnancy.
This help to diagnose fertilization problems and to detect genetic abnormalities if any.
This is a safe method used by many couples to have children.

CONS:

Shows some side effects like severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome etc.
Success rate is less and can only be succeeded on subsequent cycles of treatment.
Risk of multiple pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy is greater.
Expensive and have got many ethical issues.

Sydney Mullin answered 8 months ago

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