Question

1. Outline the areas of socialisation that aim to shape children to become contributing members of society.

2. Discuss the functions of self-concept in the process of socialisation.

3. Identify and describe various agents of socialisation.

4. Recognise the contributions of the various agents of socialisation towards child development.

5. Outline the different methods of socialisation.

6. Discuss how each method of socialisation works to pass down the values of the society and instil them in our children.

7. Categorise the products of socialisation into broad aspects of affective, cognitive, social and behavioural.

8. Discuss the outcomes of socialisation based on each aspect of the socialization products.

9. Outline the areas of socialisation that aim to shape children to become contributing members of society.

10. Discuss the functions of self-concept in the process of socialisation.

11. Identify and describe the various agents of socialisation.

12. Recognise the contributions of the various agents of socialisation towards child development.

13. Outline the different methods of socialisation.

14. Discuss how each method of socialisation works to pass down the values of the society and instil them in our children.

15. Categorise the products of socialisation into broad aspects of affective, cognitive, social and behavioural.

16. Discuss the outcomes of socialisation based on each aspect of the socialisation products.

Answer 1

1.Primary socialization for a child is very important because it sets the groundwork for all future socialization.
Primary socialization occurs when a child learns the attitudes, values, and actions appropriate to individuals as members of a particular culture.Secondary socialization refers to the process of learning what is the appropriate behavior as a member of a smaller group within the larger society.Every society is faced with the necessity of making a responsible member out of each child born into it. The child must learn the expectations of the society so that his behaviour can be relied upon. He must acquire the group norms.

• 2.The heart of socialisation is the emergence and gradual development of the self. It is in terms of the self that personality takes shape and the mind comes to function. It is the process by which the newborn individual, as he grows up, acquires the values of the group and is moulded into a social being.
• But the child has no self. The self arises in the interplay of social experience, as a result of social influences to which the child, as he grows, becomes subject.Primary groups play crucial role in the formation of the self of the newborn and in the formation of the personality of the newborn as well.
• 3 & 4
• Through it that a society maintains its social system. Personalities do not come ready-made. The process that transforms a child into a reasonably respectable human being is a long process.To facilitate socialisation different agencies play important roles. These agencies are however interrelated.
• The family plays an outstanding role in the socialisation process. In all societies other agencies besides the family contribute to socialisation such as educational institutions, the peer group etc.Family being a mini society acts as a transmission belt between the individual and society. It trains the younger generation in such a way that it can take the adult roles in proper manner.
• Peer Group means a group in which the members share some common characteristics such as age or gender etc. It is made up of the contemporaries of the child, his associates in school, in playground and in street.The members of peer groups have other sources of information about the culture and thus the acquisition of culture goes on. They view the world through the same eyes and share the same subjective attitudes. In order to be accepted by his peer group, the child must exhibit the characteristic attitudes, the likes and dislikes.Conflict arises when standards of the peer group differ from the standards of the child’s family.
• Religion play a very important role in socialisation. Religion instills the fear of hell in the individual so that he should refrain from bad and undesirable activities. Religion not only makes people religious but socialises them into the secular order.
• The educational institutions not only help the growing child in learning language and other subjects but also instill the concept of time, discipline, team work, cooperation and competition. Through the means of reward and punishment the desired behaviour pattern is reinforced whereas undesirable behaviour pattern meets with disapproval, ridicule and punishment.
• While working in an occupation, the individual enters into relations of cooperation, involving specialisation of tasks and at the same time learns the nature of class divisions. Work, for him, is a source of income but at the same time it gives identity and status within society as a whole.
• Due to time constraints only first 4 questions have been answered,rest can be asked as another question