Show effects of certain hormones on urine output

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Answer

1) Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)

ADH is released from posterior pituitary gland.
Its primary function is to increase water reabsorption in the collecting duct of the nephron.
ADH stimulates insertion of aquaporins on the wall of collecting ducts.
As water reasborption increases, the urine output is decreased.
As a result, small amount of more concentrated urine is produced.

2) Aldosterone

It is released by zona glomerulosa layer of adrenal cortex.
Aldosterone functions to increase sodium reabsorption at distal convoluted tubules.
Water also follows sodium and is reabsorbed in high amount.
As there is low water content in filtrate, urine output is decreased.

3) Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

ANP is released from atria of the heart.
It opposes the effect of aldosterone hormone.
ANP increases excretion of sodium (prevents reabsorption) from the distal convoluted tubule.
As there is more sodium in the filtrate, water cannot leave the renal tubule and reaborption do not occur.
As a result, urine output increases.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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