Question

3 examples of flow down gradient and their mechanisms in body systems. give a detailed answer for each

Answer 1

Flow down gradient refers to the flow of a particular substance from a region of higher concentration to lower concentration.

In our body systems we can see the pumping of blood across the heart. In this situation we should look deep into the filling of chambers. The pressure difference in the chamber's make the blood reach the heart chambers. Ath the time of relaxation the heart chambers face a situation where the pressure drop is seen and blood from a high pressure region reach there. During rest the pressure in ventricles are less so that ventricular filling takes place. At the time of contraction the pressure of ventricles are greater than the arteries and hence the blood reaches the arteries.

In respiratory system the exchange of gases takes place by the same gradient method. In the venous blood the partial pressure of oxygen in less than that of the alveoli. So oxygen diffuses to the blood from the alveoli. Likewise in tissues the partial pressure of oxygen is less than that of the arteries and hence oxygen diffuses to the tissues.

In the intestine after the digestion absorption takes place. We can look into the simple diffusion. We know that glucose is absorbed via simple diffusion. This is because comparing the blood the glucose concentration is more in the intestine and hence it diffuses to the blood.