Question

identify 3 primary systems that regulate hydrogen concentration in body fluids

Answer 1

ANSWER

3 Main systems are : BUFFER SYSTEM, RESPIRATORY SYSTEM AND EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Explanation :

Hydrogen ions in body are important to balance a normal pH value in body fluids as to maintain homeostasis.

Therefore any fluctuation in normal level will cause disturbances in body chemistry.That is a decrease in pH due to increased hydrogen ions leads to acidosis, while increase in pH due to decreased concentration of hydrogen ions can lead to alkalosis .Therefore regulation of hydrogen ions are important and it is done by three systems

1 BUFFER SYSTEM : Buffers are solutions that contain a weak acid and its a conjugate base; as such, they can absorb excess H⁺ ions or OH^– ions, thereby maintaining an overall normal pH in the body . The buffer that maintains the pH of human blood involves carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), bicarbonate ion (HCO₃^–), and carbon dioxide (CO₂). When bicarbonate ions combine with free hydrogen ions and become carbonic acid, hydrogen ions are removed, normalizing pH changes.

2. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM:.

The concentration of hydrogen ions in blood is partially determined by the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide in the blood , CO₂ is always being produced in the cells as part of the normal metabolic process. When there is increased dissolved carbon dioxide, it will results in more hydrogen causing the blood acidic. This condition is moderated by lungs by exhaling more carbon dioxide out of the body.

3. EXCRETORY SYSTEM: The kidneys control acid-base balance by excreting hydrogen ions and generating bicarbonate that helps maintain blood plasma pH within a normal range.