Question

Wesco Incorporated’s only product is a combination fertilizer/weedkiller called GrowNWeed. GrowNWeed is sold nationwide to retail nurseries and garden stores.

Zwinger Nursery plans to sell a similar fertilizer/weedkiller compound through its regional nursery chain under its own private label. Zwinger does not have manufacturing facilities of its own, so it has asked Wesco (and several other companies) to submit a bid for manufacturing and delivering a 27,000-pound order of the private brand compound to Zwinger. While the chemical composition of the Zwinger compound differs from that of GrowNWeed, the manufacturing processes are very similar.

The Zwinger compound would be produced in 1,000-pound lots. Each lot would require 33 direct labor-hours and the following chemicals:

Chemicals	Quantity in Pounds
AG-5	340
KL-2	200
CW-7	200
DF-6	260

The first three chemicals (AG-5, KL-2, and CW-7) are all used in the production of GrowNWeed. DF-6 was used in another compound that Wesco discontinued several months ago. The supply of DF-6 that Wesco had on hand when the other compound was discontinued was not discarded. Wesco could sell its supply of DF-6 at the prevailing market price less $0.09 per pound selling and handling expenses.

Wesco also has on hand a chemical called BH-3, which was manufactured for use in another product that is no longer produced. BH-3, which cannot be used in GrowNWeed, can be substituted for AG-5 on a one-for-one basis without affecting the quality of the Zwinger compound. The BH-3 in inventory has a salvage value of $420.

Inventory and cost data for the chemicals that can be used to produce the Zwinger compound are shown below:

Raw Material	Pounds in Inventory	Actual Price per Pound When Purchased		Current Market Price per Pound
AG-5	19,000	$	0.60	$	0.70
KL-2	4,300	$	0.36	$	0.41
CW-7	8,500	$	1.31	$	1.51
DF-6	5,620	$	0.49	$	0.46
BH-3	6,300	$	0.71	(Salvage)

The current direct labor wage rate is $12 per hour. The predetermined overhead rate is based on direct labor-hours (DLH). The predetermined overhead rate for the current year, based on a two-shift capacity with no overtime, is as follows:

Variable manufacturing overhead	$	3.80	per DLH
Fixed manufacturing overhead		7.30	per DLH
Combined predetermined overhead rate	$	11.10	per DLH

Wesco’s production manager reports that the present equipment and facilities are adequate to manufacture the Zwinger compound. Therefore, the order would have no effect on total fixed manufacturing overhead costs. However, Wesco is within 140 hours of its two-shift capacity this month. Any additional hours beyond the 140 hours must be done in overtime. If need be, the Zwinger compound could be produced on regular time by shifting a portion of GrowNWeed production to overtime. Wesco’s direct labor wage rate for overtime is $18 per hour. There is no allowance for any overtime premium in the predetermined overhead rate.

Required:

1. Wesco has decided to submit a bid for the 27,000 pound order of Zwinger’s new compound. The order must be delivered by the end of the current month. Zwinger has indicated that this is a one-time order that will not be repeated. Calculate the lowest price that Wesco could bid for the order and still exactly cover its incremental manufacturing costs.

2. Refer to the original data. Assume that Zwinger Nursery plans to place regular orders for 27,000-pound lots of the new compound. Wesco expects the demand for GrowNWeed to remain strong. Therefore, the recurring orders from Zwinger would put Wesco over its two-shift capacity. However, production could be scheduled so that 60% of each Zwinger order could be completed during regular hours. As another option, some GrowNWeed production could be shifted temporarily to overtime so that the Zwinger orders could be produced on regular time. Current market prices are the best available estimates of future market prices.

Wesco’s standard markup policy for new products is 40% of the full manufacturing cost, including fixed manufacturing overhead. Calculate the price that Wesco, Inc., would quote Zwinger Nursery for each 27,000 pound lot of the new compound, assuming that it is to be treated as a new product and this pricing policy is followed.

Answer 1

Solution 1:

Chemicals	Pounds per Lot	Pounds required for 27 lots
AG-5	340	9180
KL-2	200	5400
CW-7	200	5400
DF-6	260	7020

Computation of Total Direct Material Cost
	Pounds	Current Market Price	Total
Cost for AG-5:
BH-3 (substitute from inventory)	6300	Salvage Value	$420.00
AG-5 (9600-5200)	2880	$0.70	$2,016.00
Cost for KL-2	5400	$0.41	$2,214.80
Cost for CW-7	5400	$1.51	$8,154.00
Cost for DF-6:
From Inventory DF-6 (0.46-0.09)	5620	$0.37	$2,079.40
Remaining pounds	1400	$0.46	$644.00
Total Cost of Direct Materials			$15,528.20
Computation Direct labor Cost
	Hours Per lot	Hours required for 27 lots
Total Direct Labor Hours	33	891
Less: Regular working Hours		140
Overtime working hours		751
Direct Labor Cost:
	Hours	Rate	Total
For regular working Hours	140	$12.00	$1,680.00
For Overtime working Hours	751	$18.00	$13,518.00
Total Direct Labor cost			$15,198.00
Variable Overhead cost
	Hours	Rate	Total
Variable overhead cost	891	$3.80	$3,385.80

Computation of Lowest Bid Price for Zwinger's Order
Total Cost of Direct Materials	$15,528.20
Total Direct Labor cost	$15,198.00
Variable overhead cost	$3,385.80
Lowest Bid Price	$34,112.00

Solution 2:

Computation of Total Direct Material Cost
	Pounds	Current Market Price	Total
Cost for AG-5	9180	$0.70	$6,426.00
Cost for KL-2	5400	$0.41	$2,214.00
Cost for CW-7	5400	$1.51	$8,154.00
Cost for DF-6:	7020	$0.46	$3,229.20
Total Cost of Direct Materials			$20,023.20
Direct Labor Cost:
	Hours	Rate	Total
For regular working Hours (891*60%)	535	$12.00	$6,420.00
For Overtime working Hours	356	$18.00	$6,408.00
Total Direct Labor cost			$12,828.00
Manufacturing Overhead cost
	Hours	Rate	Total
Variable overhead cost	891	$3.80	$3,385.80
Fixed overhead cost	891	$7.30	$6,504.30
Total Overhead cost			$9,980.10

Computation of Lowest Bid Price for Zwinger's Order
Total Cost of Direct Materials	$20,023.20
Total Direct Labor cost	$12,828.00
Variable overhead cost	$9,980.10
Full Manufacturing Costs	$42,831.30
Add: Markup (40%)	$17,132.52
Price to be quoted	$59,963.82

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