Question

In: Economics

. The meat packing company gives you the following assumptions: Price of beef=$2; price of pork=$2.50;...

. The meat packing company gives you the following assumptions: Price of beef=$2; price of pork=$2.50; disposable income=$1,000,000; and population=225. Given this information, use model 1 to complete the following: a. Estimate of beef demand and a 95% confidence interval around this estimate. b. Estimate total revenue c. Estimate the following elasticities: Price elasticity, Cross elasticity (that is, elasticity with respect to Pork price), income elasticity, and population elasticity. d. Should the meat packing company increase or decrease the price of beef? Why or why not?

Year Q (millions of lbs) P Beef Per Lb ($) P Pork Per lb ($) Disp Inc (millions $) Pop (millions)
1975 19295 1.9 1.864 517250 182.76
1976 17535 2.312 1.944 566500 185.88
1977 19520 2.208 1.972 708250 189.12
1978 25622.5 1.68 2.072 631500 192.12
1979 26530 1.68 2.128 643500 195.6
1980 27745 1.64 1.776 688250 199.08
1981 29805 1.568 1.732 733000 202.68
1982 28950 1.648 1.916 771250 206.28
1983 26932.5 1.868 2.092 796250 209.88
1984 27592.5 1.892 1.792 843250 213.36
1985 30162.5 1.804 1.884 875000 216.84
1986 31530 1.708 1.916 911000 220.44
1987 31397.5 1.856 1.9 963250 223.8
1988 34122.5 1.668 1.772 1011500 227.04
1989 39107.5 1.592 1.772 1095250 230.28
1990 39987.5 1.732 2.128 1183000 233.16
1991 41775 1.768 2.276 1279750 235.92
1992 43130 1.804 2.06 1365750 238.44
1993 45675 1.892 2.036 1477500 240.84
1994 47185 1.968 2.3 1586000 243.24
1995 48722.5 1.96 2.276 1729250 245.88
1996 49242.5 2.188 1.992 1866000 248.4
1997 51277.5 2.304 2.58 2006250 250.56

Solutions

Expert Solution

The estimation results are as follows:

Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95%
Intercept 22387.22 8795.19 2.545394 0.020294 3909.212 40865.23
P Beef Per Lb ($) -12804.2 1369.294 -9.35094 2.48E-08 -15681 -9927.4
P Pork Per lb ($) 1608.836 1361.079 1.182029 0.252575 -1250.69 4468.358
Disp Inc (millions $) 0.022907 0.002125 10.78046 2.78E-09 0.018443 0.027371
Pop (millions) 36.60052 37.47358 0.976702 0.341662 -42.1285 115.3296

Price of beef=$2; price of pork=$2.50; disposable income=$1,000,000; and population=225.

Estimated demand = 22387.22+2*-12804.2+0.022907*1000000 =  19685.82 (other variables are not significant as the p-value<0.5)
Estimated Revenue = 19685.82*2 = 39371.64

Regress % unit change of quantity with P Beef Per Lb ($) for Price elasticity, P Pork Per lb ($) for Cross elasticity (that is, elasticity with respect to Pork price), Disp Inc (millions $) for income elasticity, and Pop (millions) for population elasticity.

New table:

Year Q (millions of lbs) P Beef Per Lb ($) P Pork Per lb ($) Disp Inc (millions $) Pop (millions)
1975
1976 -0.09122 0.21684 0.04292 0.09522 0.01707
1977 0.1132 -0.04498 0.0144 0.25022 0.01743
1978 0.31263 -0.23913 0.05071 -0.10837 0.01586
1979 0.03542 0 0.02703 0.019 0.01811
1980 0.0458 -0.02381 -0.16541 0.06954 0.01779
1981 0.07425 -0.0439 -0.02477 0.06502 0.01808
1982 -0.02869 0.05102 0.10624 0.05218 0.01776
1983 -0.06969 0.1335 0.09186 0.03241 0.01745
1984 0.02451 0.01285 -0.1434 0.05903 0.01658
1985 0.09314 -0.04651 0.05134 0.03765 0.01631
1986 0.04534 -0.05322 0.01699 0.04114 0.0166
1987 -0.0042 0.08665 -0.00835 0.05735 0.01524
1988 0.08679 -0.10129 -0.06737 0.05009 0.01448
1989 0.14609 -0.04556 0 0.0828 0.01427
1990 0.0225 0.08794 0.2009 0.08012 0.01251
1991 0.0447 0.02079 0.06955 0.08178 0.01184
1992 0.03244 0.02036 -0.0949 0.0672 0.01068
1993 0.05901 0.04878 -0.01165 0.08182 0.01007
1994 0.03306 0.04017 0.12967 0.07343 0.00997
1995 0.03258 -0.00407 -0.01043 0.09032 0.01085
1996 0.01067 0.11633 -0.12478 0.07908 0.01025
1997 0.04133 0.05302 0.29518 0.07516 0.0087
P Beef Per Lb ($) -0.77871
P Pork Per lb ($) -0.0443
Disp Inc (millions $) -0.46249
Pop (millions) -0.02575

Increase the price of beef as the price elasticity of demand is less than 1, by increasing the price, the fall in quantity will be less than proportional, therefore revenue will increase


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