1) In a study of the effects of caffeine on alertness, 32
subjects were randomly assigned to four groups. These groups were
C1: wait-list control (no treatment), C2: placebo control, E1:
experimental group 1 (mild caffeine treatment) and E2: experimental
groups 2 (high caffeine treatment). Several subjects were not able
to complete the study, reducing the group n’s to 7, 5, 6, and 3,
respectively. The dependent variable scores were performance scores
on a visual-motor task requiring alertness. The results...