Question

You have just been hired as a new management trainee by Earrings Unlimited, a distributor of earrings to various retail outlets located in shopping malls across the country. In the past, the company has done very little in the way of budgeting and at certain times of the year has experienced a shortage of cash. Since you are well trained in budgeting, you have decided to prepare a master budget for the upcoming second quarter. To this end, you have worked with accounting and other areas to gather the information assembled below.

The company sells many styles of earrings, but all are sold for the same price—$13 per pair. Actual sales of earrings for the last three months and budgeted sales for the next six months follow (in pairs of earrings):

January (actual)	21,400	June (budget)	51,400
February (actual)	27,400	July (budget)	31,400
March (actual)	41,400	August (budget)	29,400
April (budget)	66,400	September (budget)	26,400
May (budget)	101,400

The concentration of sales before and during May is due to Mother’s Day. Sufficient inventory should be on hand at the end of each month to supply 40% of the earrings sold in the following month.

Suppliers are paid $4.70 for a pair of earrings. One-half of a month’s purchases is paid for in the month of purchase; the other half is paid for in the following month. All sales are on credit. Only 20% of a month’s sales are collected in the month of sale. An additional 70% is collected in the following month, and the remaining 10% is collected in the second month following sale. Bad debts have been negligible.

Monthly operating expenses for the company are given below:

Variable:
Sales commissions		4	% of sales
Fixed:
Advertising	$	270,000
Rent	$	25,000
Salaries	$	120,000
Utilities	$	10,500
Insurance	$	3,700
Depreciation	$	21,000

Insurance is paid on an annual basis, in November of each year.

The company plans to purchase $19,500 in new equipment during May and $47,000 in new equipment during June; both purchases will be for cash. The company declares dividends of $20,250 each quarter, payable in the first month of the following quarter.

The company’s balance sheet as of March 31 is given below:

Assets
Cash	$	81,000
Accounts receivable ($35,620 February sales; $430,560 March sales)		466,180
Inventory		124,832
Prepaid insurance		24,500
Property and equipment (net)		1,020,000
Total assets	$	1,716,512
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Accounts payable	$	107,000
Dividends payable		20,250
Common stock		940,000
Retained earnings		649,262
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	1,716,512

The company maintains a minimum cash balance of $57,000. All borrowing is done at the beginning of a month; any repayments are made at the end of a month.

The company has an agreement with a bank that allows the company to borrow in increments of $1,000 at the beginning of each month. The interest rate on these loans is 1% per month and for simplicity we will assume that interest is not compounded. At the end of the quarter, the company would pay the bank all of the accumulated interest on the loan and as much of the loan as possible (in increments of $1,000), while still retaining at least $57,000 in cash.

Required:

Prepare a master budget for the three-month period ending June 30. Include the following detailed schedules:

1. a. A sales budget, by month and in total.

    b. A schedule of expected cash collections, by month and in total.

    c. A merchandise purchases budget in units and in dollars. Show the budget by month and in total.

    d. A schedule of expected cash disbursements for merchandise purchases, by month and in total.

2. A cash budget. Show the budget by month and in total. Determine any borrowing that would be needed to maintain the minimum cash balance of $57,000.

3. A budgeted income statement for the three-month period ending June 30. Use the contribution approach.

4. A budgeted balance sheet as of June 30.

Prepare a master budget for the three-month period ending June 30 that includes a sales budget, by month and in total.

Solved 1a:

	Sales Budget April May June Quarter Budgeted unit sales 66,400 101,400 51,400 219,200 Selling price per unit $13 $13 $13 $13 Total sales $863,200 $1,318,200 $668,200 $2,849,600

Unsolved 1B:

Prepare a master budget for the three-month period ending June 30 that includes a schedule of expected cash collections, by month and in total.

	Earrings Unlimited Schedule of Expected Cash Collections April May June Quarter February sales $0 March sales 0 April sales 0 May sales 0 June sales 0 Total cash collections $0 $0 $0 $0

Prepare a master budget for the three-month period ending June 30 that includes a merchandise purchases budget in units and in dollars. Show the budget by month and in total. (Round unit cost to 2 decimal places.)

Unsolved 1C:

	Earrings Unlimited Merchandise Purchases Budget April May June Quarter Budgeted unit sales 0 Total needs 0 0 0 0 Required purchases 0 0 0 0 Unit cost Required dollar purchases $0 $0 $0 $0

Unsolved 1D:

Prepare a master budget for the three-month period ending June 30 that includes a schedule of expected cash disbursements for merchandise purchases, by month and in total.

	Earrings Unlimited Budgeted Cash Disbursements for Merchandise Purchases April May June Quarter Accounts payable $0 April purchases 0 May purchases 0 June purchases 0 Total cash payments $0 $0 $0 0

Unsolved 2:

Prepare a master budget for the three-month period ending June 30 that includes a cash budget. Show the budget by month and in total. Determine any borrowing that would be needed to maintain the minimum cash balance of $57,000. (Cash deficiency, repayments and interest should be indicated by a minus sign.)

Earrings Unlimited Cash Budget For the Three Months Ending June 30 April May June Quarter Beginning cash balance Add collections from customers Total cash available 0 0 0 0 Less cash disbursements: Merchandise purchases 0 Advertising 0 Rent 0 Salaries 0 Commissions 0 Utilities 0 Equipment purchases 0 Dividends paid 0 Total cash disbursements 0 0 0 0 Excess (deficiency) of cash available over disbursements 0 0 0 0 Financing: Borrowings 0 Repayments 0 Interest 0 Total financing 0 0 0 0 Ending cash balance $0 $0 $0 $0

Unsolved 3:

Prepare a master budget for the three-month period ending June 30 that includes a budgeted income statement for the three-month period ending June 30. Use the contribution approach.

	Earrings Unlimited Budgeted Income Statement For the Three Months Ended June 30 Variable expenses: 0 0 Fixed expenses: 0 0 0

Unsolved 4:

Prepare a master budget for the three-month period ending June 30 that includes a budgeted balance sheet as of June 30.

	Earrings Unlimited Budgeted Balance Sheet June 30 Assets Total assets $0 Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $0

Answer 1