Question

Calculate the theoretical yield of the ester formed by the acid catalyze reaction of 10.0ml of isobutyl alcoholic and 12.0ml of propionic acid.

Someone please help me with these calculations, I don't even know the ester.

Answer 1

we first fnd moles of both reactanats

isobutyl alcohol volume = 10 ml

Mass = volume x density of it

         = 10 ml x 0.802 g/ml = 8.02 g      where 0.802 g/ml is density of alcohol

Moles of isobutyl alcohol = mass/ Molar mass of it = 8.02 g / 74.1 g/mol

          = 0.1082

Propionic acid volume = 12 ml

mass = vol x density = 12 ml x 0.99 g/ml = 11.88 g         ( where density = 0.99 g/ml)

moles of acid = mass / molar mass = 11.88 g/ 74 g/mol = 0.16

Now each react in 1:1 ratio , hence relatively isobutyl alcohol moles is less

Hence it is limiting reagenet and product moles depend on limiting reagenet moles

Hence product ester moles = isobytl moles reacted = 0.1082

we get ester formation with elimination of H2O ,

hence molar mass of ester will be 74.12+74 -18 = 130 g/mol

ester mass = ester moles x molar mass of ester

       = 0.1082 x 130 g/mol

       = 14 g

This is our theoretical yield