What is Hypertension? Describe the four major causes of hypertension.

Expert Solution

Hypertension is a conditiom that is characterised by the increased systolic blood pressure of 140mmHg or greater and siastolic blood pressure of 90mmHg or greater.

The main causes of hypertension are

Primary hypertension is caused by

Hereditary factors: People with family history of hypertension has higher chance of being hypertensive.
Genetic factors:
- Low birth weight
- Obesity
- Increased dietry sodium consumption
Alcoholism
Smoking
Sedentary lifestyle

Secondary hypertension is caused by

Renal diseases
- Renal parenchymal diseases like acute glomerulonephritis,Chronic nephritis,diabetic nephropathy, polycystic kidney disease,hydronephrosis etc..
- Renovascular diesases
- Primary retension of sodium
Endocrine causes
- Acromegaly
- Thyroid disorders
- hyperparathyroidism
- Adrenal dysfunctions like cushing's syndrome,Conns syndrome,congenital adrenal hyperplasia
- Imbalances in the estrogens,mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids
Vascular causes like coarcation of aorta
Pregnancy
Sleep apnoeas
stress
Neurological diseases like brain tumors,Guillain Barre syndrome,encephalitis etc.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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What is Hypertension? Describe the four major causes of hypertension.

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